Ключевые слова: Арктическая зона России, арктические регионы, трудоустройство выпускников, миграционные потоки выпускников, высшее образование Аннотация Предмет. Освоение и развитие территорий Арктической зоны России, которой на сегодняшний день присвоен статус важнейшего геостратегического макрорегиона нашей страны. Цели. Количественный и качественный анализ миграционных потоков выпускников вузов для работы на территориях Арктической зоны России; выявление ключевых регионов-доноров, из которых прибывают молодые специалисты с высшим образованием для работы в арктических регионах; оценка вклада выпускников вузов из регионов-доноров в обеспечение ежегодной дополнительной потребности экономики арктических регионов в кадрах с высшим образованием. Методология. Использованы методы экономического, нормативного, компаративного и экспертного анализа. Результаты. Несмотря на отрицательные показатели общей миграции населения, для большинства регионов Арктической зоны России входящий поток выпускников вузов превышает исходящий поток выпускников местных вузов, то есть арктические регионы привлекательны для работы. В целом для Арктики вклад выпускников вузов из других регионов России в обеспечение ежегодной дополнительной потребности экономики в кадрах с высшим образованием сопоставим с вкладом выпускников местных вузов, а для некоторых регионов-это основной источник кадрового обеспечения. Качество подготовки специалистов, прибывающих в Арктику, в высокой степени коррелирует с приоритетами стратегического развития этого региона. Выводы. Молодые специалисты с высшим образованием, приезжающие на работу в Арктику из других субъектов РФ, наряду с выпускниками вузов арктических регионов-уникальный человеческий капитал, который необходимо сохранять и развивать путем создания достойных условий для личностной и профессиональной самореализации человека.
The article deals with the features of professional self-determination of schoolchildren in years 8–10 of Arctic and Russian Far East regions. The study revealed factors that influence the choice of future professions by schoolchildren; generalized schoolchildren’s ideas about the category of “profession” and its content; analyzed ideas of schoolchildren about their professional future; considered the interests of schoolchildren in building a successful career in the Arctic and Russian Far East regions. The results obtained showed that schoolchildren are more oriented towards higher education, and their chosen professions are in demand in the Arctic and Russian Far East regions where there is a deficit of qualified personnel. The students are optimistic about their professional future, and they also positively assess the opportunities of starting a career with Arctic and Far East companies. Every tenth pupil from Arctic regions and every fifth pupil from the Far East regions noted that they had planned professional implementation in these regions earlier, almost every third pupil was interested in it, but they are not sure that it suits them. The results of the research may be useful in planning themed career guidance activities aimed at involving young people in strategic regions of the country, and useful for career guidance specialists, educators, relevant authorities and researchers.
The article considers the professional interests of schoolchildren in the Arctic regions in comparison with the demand of the labor market and leading employers. The study of professional preferences of schoolchildren in the face of a staff shortage of the economy of the Arctic regions and the increased interest in the development of these territories is relevant. It is youth that forms the basis for the timely reproduction of human capital. The purpose of the study is to identify professional plans of schoolchildren in the Arctic regions and to compare plans with the needs of the labor market and employers of the regions. The empirical basis of the study is official statistics (data from Rostrud for 2018), a survey of leading employers and students in grades 8–10 of the Arctic regions. The originality of the study lies in comparing tripartite interests – the labor market, employers and schoolchildren as potential professionals who build a career path. The entire array of professions obtained is compared on the basis of structural analysis. According to vacancies, requests of employers and preferences of schoolchildren, there is an intersection in certain professions. Details of professions by educational level showed inconsistency: for va cancies and employers, workers with secondary vocational education are in demand, but schoolchildren are more oriented toward higher education; the professional groups of engineering, technical and social professions also revealed a discrepancy. These results are useful for authorities, the scientific and pedagogical community in the formation of mechanisms for securing future young specialists in the Arctic regions.
The purpose of the article is to identify the characteristics of the Russian Arctic image at the present stage of its development in terms of a romantic and pragmatic context. In order to achieve this purpose, the content analysis of publications on the Arctic topic in the federal and regional media was carried out. A pilot sociological survey of the European part of the Russian Arctic zone residents was used as an additional research method. The study results showed that pragmatic orientation prevails in the “Arctic” content of modern media. The Arctic is presented in a positive way as a special priority territory of the country, the power and strength of the Arctic territories are emphasized, the images of the Arctic and their unique potential are revealed. In the population minds, the Arctic images are presented in a more romantic way — the associations of local residents are associated with the nature splendor, love for the North and beautiful winter. It is substantiated that the integrated development of the Arctic territories requires qualified personnel, not only filled with the romance of northern beauty, but also pursuing specific practical goals. The results of the study will be useful and interesting to specialists involved in the Arctic territories development, to executive bodies of state power, as well as to the general public.
Introduction. Labor markets in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation are challenged with the needs for personnel who have to work in the extreme conditions of the Far North. This objective circumstance imposes special, often increased requirements for the qualifications and level of training of job seekers, including the quality of their education. The relevance of this study is due to the increasingly popular online form of education, which is characterized by both advantages associated with the availability of such education and its safety in the era of a pandemic, and disadvantages associated with the quality of education received. The purpose of the study is to analyze the demand for specialists who have received professional education online in the labor market of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. The information base of the study was the results of surveys of more than 2,200 employers from the territories of all 9 constituent entities of the Russian Federation included in the Arctic zone. The surveys were conducted using online survey methods. The methods of descriptive statistics, system analysis and comparative data analysis were used when processing the survey results. Research results. The applicability of obtaining professional education in online form for the conditions of the Arctic zone is approved by 58% of the surveyed employers, and 42% have a negative attitude to this practice. Only every third employer surveyed considers the online education system existing in the RF AZ as a whole to meet their requirements for this type of training. At the same time, over 40% of employers in all Arctic regions expressed their readiness to hire specialists with a diploma in online education. The results of the survey, presented in the context of the Arctic regions and types of economic activity, showed a heterogeneous attitude of the employers to the issues under study. Discussion and conclusion. The results obtained confirmed the importance for the employers of the RF AZ of personnel training issues using online training, which has both a number of undoubted advantages for the Arctic territories and limitations. An important trend in the development of the study is to assess the capabilities of the existing system of distance online education from the perspective of the subjects of education themselves – universities and colleges located in the Arctic zone of Russia.
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