Peat bogs are habitats o f European importance, but only few data exists on crickets and grasshoppers living in these habitats. Altogether 22 species o f Orthoptera (6 Tettigonioidea, 2 Tetrigoidea and 14 Acrididoidea) were found in 16 selected localities, in peat bogs and wet mountain meadows in the Orava region in 2008-2011. Only 16 species were registered in peat bogs (4 Tettigonioidea, 2 Tetrigoidea and 10 Acrididoidea) and 18 species in wet mountain meadows. Number o f species per site varied between 2 and 14 (mean 9.5). The euryoecious species Euthystira brachyptera (F=100% of sites), M etrioptera roeselii and Omocestus viridulus (both 93.8%), Chorthippus apricarius (87.5%) and Chorthippus parallelus (75%) were the most frequent species. Mountain species Miramella alpina and Metrioptera brachyptera are indicators o f specific mountain bilberry meadows and pet bogs. In this extremely cold area we expected wing dimorphic individuals (macropterism) in some brachypterous species. The highest number of macropters was found in Chrysochraon dispar, especially in peat bogs ecotones o f the Rudné Nature Reserve (26.8%). Occurrence, distribution and macropterism in some brachypterous species are commented..
Open habitats in closed forests are formed by various biotic and abiotic factors. These new habitats differ from their former parent stands in light conditions and vegetation structure facilitating their colonisation by heliophilous insects. We studied interseasonal differences (2010 and 2011) in the Orthoptera assemblages on eight clearcuts in beech forests. Using a sweeping method, altogether 20 species were recorded on the clearcuts in the first year, 26 in the second. In the second year, species number and abundance were higher in all orthopterans and also in the suborder of grasshoppers (Caelifera). In the crickets (Ensifera), interseasonal differences in the species number and abundance were not significant. The species composition differed among the plots also within individual years. In the second year, the frequency increased in 22 species (84.6%) while it decreased in four. We suggest that the grounddwelling Caelifera species are better bioindicators of the deforested plot colonisation than the arbusticolous Ensifera.
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