Due to the constantly increasing number of cases, prostate cancer has become one of the most important health problems of modern societies. This review presents the current knowledge regarding the role of nutrients and foodstuff consumption in the etiology and development of prostate malignancies, including the potential mechanisms of action. The results of several in vivo and in vitro laboratory experiments as well as those reported by the clinical and epidemiological research studies carried out around the world were analyzed. The outcomes of these studies clearly show the influence of both nutrients and food products on the etiology and prevention of prostate cancer. Consumption of certain nutrients (saturated and trans fatty acids) and food products (e.g., processed meat products) leads to the disruption of prostate hormonal regulation, induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and alteration of growth factor signaling and lipid metabolism, which all contribute to prostate carcinogenesis. On the other hand, a high consumption of vegetables, fruits, fish, and whole grain products exerts protective and/or therapeutic effects. Special bioactive functions are assigned to compounds such as flavonoids, stilbenes, and lycopene. Since the influence of nutrients and dietary pattern is a modifiable risk factor in the development and prevention of prostate cancer, awareness of the beneficial and harmful effects of individual food ingredients is of great importance in the global strategy against prostate cancer.
Niepłodność mężczyzn jest obecnie znaczącym problemem klinicznym. Pomimo coraz większej ilości badań, przyczyny niepłodności nie są w pełni poznane. Celem niniejszego opracowania było wskazanie modyfikowalnych czynników związanych ze stylem życia (np. higieną pracy, snu, aktywnością fizyczną) i innymi czynnikami środowiskowymi (ekspozycją na substancje toksyczne, takie jak metale ciężkie czy nanocząstki), które w istotny sposób mogą wpływać na płodność mężczyzn. Wykazano, że różne elementy stylu życia i środowiska mogą być przyczyną stanu zapalnego i stresu oksydacyjnego, co leży u podstaw zaburzeń funkcjonowania męskiego układu rozrodczego. Słowa kluczowe: niepłodność mężczyzn, styl życia, czynniki środowiskowe, stan zapalny, stres oksydacyjny
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