Background:Bladder cancer is one of the top 10 frequently occurring neoplasms worldwide and is responsible for over 150,000 deaths per annum. Bibliometric analysis helps further our knowledge of bladder cancer research, topics and trends. It is useful to identify the most influential articles and its impact pertinent to this field that has helped mould our understanding and management of bladder cancer. Materials and methods:Search terms related to bladder cancer were compiled and used to interrogate the Thompson Reuters Web of Science indexing database. The 100 most cited manuscripts in the English language were identified and further evaluated by theme, manuscript type, journal, year of publication, author and institution. Results:The Web of Science search returned a total of 47,381 manuscripts. The median number of citations among the top 100 was 515, ranging from 2257 to 352. The greatest number of manuscripts in the top 100 were published in the Journal of Urology (n=15), followed by the Journal of Clinical Oncology (n=14) and European Urology (n=13). The most cited paper (Stein field on bladder cancer, which provides a useful guide to authors as to what type of article constitutes a highly citable publication in this subject.

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Introduction and objectives: The local recurrence rate of penile cancer following surgical excision is reported in many series to be between 6 and 29%. Intra-operative frozen section (FS) is a useful tool to ensure safe microscopic margins in organ-sparing procedures in penile cancer. In this series, we assessed the rates of positive margins and patterns of local recurrence in a multicentre cohort of patients undergoing penile-preserving surgery assisted by intra-operative FS analysis. Materials and methods: We reviewed all those patients for whom intra-operative FS was employed during penile-preserving surgery in three tertiary referral centres between 2003 and 2016. We assessed whether the use of FS altered the surgical technique and what affect it had on positive margins and recurrence rates. Results: A total of 169 patients were identified. Of these, intra-operative FS examination of the surgical margin was positive in 21 (12%) cases. Final histological examination confirmed cancer-free margins in all but one patient (99.4%). Overall, 9 patients developed local recurrence (5.3%). Conclusions: In this series, intra-operative FS contributed to a very low rate (5.3%) of local recurrence. We noted an extremely low positive margin rate (0.6%) which highlights the benefit of incorporating FS analysis into organ-preserving surgery for penile cancer. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.

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Bladder cancer is a common genitourinary tract malignancy. Urothelial carcinoma is the most frequent type of bladder cancer and it commonly metastasises to lymph nodes, bone, lung and liver by a haematogenous route. Skeletal metastases are very rare and are usually present in patients with advanced metastatic disease. We present an unusual case of a 71-year-old male with a urothelial carcinoma metastasis to the vastus lateralis muscle 3 months following a cystoprostatectomy for muscle invasive bladder cancer.