Aim. To assess the relationship between stereoscopic vision, visual perception, and microstructure of the corpus callosum (CC) and occipital white matter, 61 children born with a mean birth weight of 1024 g (SD 270 g) were subjected to detailed ophthalmologic evaluation, Developmental Test of Visual Perception (DTVP-3), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at the age of 4. Results. Abnormal stereoscopic vision was detected in 16 children. Children with abnormal stereoscopic vision had smaller CC (CC length: 53 ± 6 mm versus 61 ± 4 mm; p < 0.01; estimated CC area: 314 ± 106 mm2 versus 446 ± 79 mm2; p < 0.01) and lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values in CC (FA value of rostrum/genu: 0.7 ± 0.09 versus 0.79 ± 0.07; p < 0.01; FA value of CC body: 0.74 ± 0.13 versus 0.82 ± 0.09; p = 0.03). We found a significant correlation between DTVP-3 scores, CC size, and FA values in rostrum and body. This correlation was unrelated to retinopathy of prematurity. Conclusions. Visual perceptive dysfunction in ex-preterm children without major sequelae of prematurity depends on more subtle changes in the brain microstructure, including CC. Role of interhemispheric connections in visual perception might be more complex than previously anticipated.
Purpose:The main aim of the study was to evaluate which factors affect the long-time visual function in preterm children, whether it is prematurity or retinopathy of prematurity or perhaps disturbances in the visual pathway.Materials and Methods:Fifty-eight children with mean birth weight 1016 g (range 520–1500 g) were evaluated at mean age 48 months (range 42–54 months). All children underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, visual evoked potentials (VEPs), and the Developmental Test of Visual Perception (DTVP). The MRI evaluation included diffusion tensor imaging and fractional anisotropy (FA), and colored orientation maps were calculated for each subject. Based on the results of the VEP evaluation, children were divided into two groups: A-abnormal results of VEP (n = 16) and B-normal VEP results (comparison group, n = 42).Results:FA values of inferior left and right occipital white matter (OWM) were lower in the group of children with abnormal VEP compared to the comparison group (0.34 ± 0.06 vs. 0.38 ± 0.06; P = 0.047; 0.31 ± 0.04 vs. 0.36 ± 0.06; P = 0.007, respectively). Furthermore, there were correlations between the latency (r = −0.35; P = 0.01) and amplitude (r = 0.31; P = 0.02) and FA in OWM. Children with abnormal VEP had lower DTVP scores as compared with children with normal VEP results (88 ± 18 vs. 95 ± 16 points, P = 0.048). Finally, a multivariate logistic regression revealed that FA of the inferior OWM was the only independent risk factor for the abnormal VEP (P = 0.04).Conclusion:Visual perception, VEPs, and white matter microstructural abnormalities in very low birth weight children at the age of 3–4 are significantly correlated.
PurposePresenting an assessment of new, various diagnostic methods used in patients with macular telangiectasia – an idiopathic, uncommon disorder characterized bytelangiectatic vessels in the juxtafoveolar region.MethodsThe study included 5 patients with macular telangiectasia treated in theDepartment of Ophthalmology and Ocular Oncology, Jagiellonian University, CollegiumMedicum in Cracow. The patients were enrolled in an observational study and evaluatedusing various diagnostic and treatment methods. The examination included BCVA, funduscolor photo, fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography, DRI OCT‐1 AtlantisTOPCON and OCT‐angiography (AngioVue). Retinal layers, the region bounded by the outer retina, Bruch's membrane, choriocapillaris, and the remaining choroidal vasculature were assessed.ResultsIn all 5 patients with macular telangiectasia, the telangiectatic vessels wereidentified in fluorescein angiography, showing leakage in late phase. DRI OCT‐1 allows to abetter assessment of the neurosensory retina and demonstrate small foveal cystoid cavitieswith destruction of inner and outer layers, which is typical of this disease. This isvery useful in differentation with choroidal neovascularization in the wet type of AMD orcystoid macular oedema and helps to determin the severity of the disease. In all the patients OCT‐angiography (AngioVue) enabled a visualization of very small retina vessels, but not a diagnosis of the neovascularization and leakage.ConclusionsThe results of our observation indicate that fluorescein angiography and DRIOCT‐1 seem to be the most useful diagnostic methods in macular telangiectasia, but OCT‐angiography can provide an alternative assessment method especially in patients with contraindications for fluorescein angiography. Further studies comprising a wider group of patients are necessary.
exposed in controlled conditions (silent room, active sleep, randomised order) to three odours presented on a Q-tips:-water (control); -a hand rub (DES60 ® ) diluted to match the odour's intensity released by hands;-an adhesive remover (Convacare ® ). We recorded bilaterally cortical activation in orbito-frontal gyri (OFG), prefrontal (PFC) and somatosensory (S1 and S2) cortices during 40s (10s-baseline, 10s-presentation, 20s-poststimuli) by multichannel-NIRS. HbO2 changes were analysed from baseline (ANOVA) and by subgroups (Kruskall-Wallis). Results In the whole population, we observed:-no activations for water.-cortical activations (HbO 2 increase) for DES60 ® (p < 0.001), unilaterally in OFG, PFC, and bilaterally in S1 and S2; whereas only in S1 (unilaterally) for Convacare ® (p < 0.001). We noticed significant profiles of response for all infant's subgroups, in at least one olfactory and one pain processing areas. The average magnitude of HbO 2 increase from baseline was higher in full-terms vs both subgroups of preterms: 8.5(2.8-12.6) mmol/l vs 5.9(2.6-10.4) and 5.7(1.8-9.2) mmol/l for DES60 ® (p < 0.001).Conclusion Full-term and preterm newborns can perceive OS at a cortical level. Exposure to OS can activate trigeminal/olfactory and pain processing areas and may induce discomfort/pain in newborns. Background and aims Post-asphyxia resuscitation with air improves survival. We aimed to find reliable biomarkers of brain injury secondary to hypoxia/ischemia in plasma in a newborn piglet model for asphyxia. PO-0414Methods Hypoxia was introduced to newborn piglets (standardised model). Plasma metabolomic profiles reflecting the effects of asphyxia and resuscitation were studied, and changes in target metabolites of the Kennedy pathway were analysed by LC-MS.Results A set of metabolites reflecting metabolic changes after asphyxia and resuscitation was identified. Increased levels of choline, cytidine and uridine (Kennedy pathway) during hypoxia were observed (see Figure 1). No differences were found between resuscitation using air and air+2.1% H 2 .Conclusions Untargeted metabolomics enabled the monitorization of changes occurring during asphyxia and resuscitation on a molecular level. A set of candidate biomarkers was identified. In accordance to previous results, alterations in the Kennedy pathway are reported. The performance of candidate biomarkers for clinical grading will be evaluated in further studies. Acknowledgments JK and JE acknowledge Sara Borrell grants CD11/00154 and CD12/00667. MV acknowledges the FISPI11/ 0313 and EC11-246 grant. The Laerdal Foundation (Norway) supported this study. 10.1136/archdischild-2014-307384.1060 Background Correlation between corpus callosum (CC) size and motor performance in prematurely born children has been described. It is speculated that the organisation of CC can be associated with visual acuity in preterm children. Aim To assess the relation between CC size and vision impairment, results of Frostig test of visual perception and Visual evoked potentials (V...
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