Studies on the diversity of gastropod fauna were carried out in ten sinkhole ponds with varied sediments types, which were located in a coal mining area (Silesian Upland, Southern Poland). The water bodies with different bottom types were distinguished by their dissimilar water properties and the total organic matter in the sediment. A total of 11 gastropod species from four families were identified. Eleven species occurred in sinkhole ponds with a coal shale bottom, while in water bodies with sandy sediments nine species were found. The gastropod diversity and abundance were lower in water bodies with sandy sediments compared to the ponds with a coal shale bottom. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed the important factors that influence the gastropod distribution in the subsidence ponds that were studied.
The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of environmental conditions resulting from coal mining on the diversity of bottom oligochaete communities in subsidence ponds. In the ponds studied 17 oligochaete species representing the families Lumbriculidae (1 species), Enchytraeidae (1 species) and Naididae (15 species), in the new sense (ERSÉUS et al., 2008) were collected. The presence of Aulodrilus japonicus YAMAGUCHI, 1953 and Potamothrix bavaricus (OSCHMANN, 1913), rare species in anthropogenic water bodies, is noteworthy. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the important factors influencing oligochaete distribution in the subsidence ponds studied were the type of substratum, the organic matter content of the sediment as well as the mineralization of the water.
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