The article proposes the construction of a prefabricated monolithic reinforced concrete overlap consisting of beams hollow triangular section. It is shown that in such overlap the effect of spatial work is much higher than the analogous effect in traditional overlap that consists of U-shaped or T-beams and slabs. The technique of determining the forces of interaction of individual beams in the composition of the overlap is given. The technique is based on a discrete-continual method developed by the author, which is adapted to the calculation of overlaps that consist of considered beams. The technique of determining the effort between the shelf and the ribs of a beam during its bending is presented. It is based on the theory of compound rods. The algorithm of calculation taking into account the spatial work is presented as well as the principles of constructing overlaps consisting of beams hollow triangular section, taking into account the change in their rigidity as a result of cracks formation. An approach to the determination of the rigidity of beams with normal torsion fractures is given, based on the approximation of numerical experimental data.
This work presents the theoretical investigations results for the brick wall thermal protection properties exterior corner with the insulated layer SUPERROCK mineral wool. As the outer corner of the enclosing structures has lower thermal protection properties than the other part of the wall, it needs additional insulation. Two variants of additional insulation were considered in the work, in the deepened outer surface and in the middle of the brick wall. In this case, the additional heater was not continuous, but divided into two parts and shifted from the corner. The length and volume of additional insulation for different variants were determined. The optimal variant of the proposed schemes was determined by the minimum volume of the heater and compared with the existing ones. The volume of additional insulation is set at 1 meter of the fence height. For the proposed variant of the location for the heater in the brick wall middle, its thickness in the brick cavity, the length and offset from the corner magnitude were determined. For a location-variant of the heater in the deepened on the outer surface of the fence bricklayer, the length of the additional insulation and its displacement from the corner were determined. The thickness of additional insulation was taken 130 mm (width of the brick and seam between the bricks). Studies were carried out for the first temperature zone.
Based on the research results on the operation of urban water supply and distribution systems, the most rational ways of their improvement are identified in order to improve water supply and energy saving.
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