The learning of avoidance, as Solomon and Brush (1956) have remarked, is something that we all take for granted. But, and they have put it particularly well, the failure of -?s to learn to avoid are not rare, but they are less apt to be reported in scientific papers than are the successes. And the conditions surrounding failures to learn to avoid are as instructive to the investigator, in many cases, as are the optimum conditions for producing the avoidance phenomenon.
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