In this article, we have discussed various authentication and key agreement protocols for satellite communication system and their flaws off-line passwords guess, stolen smart card attack, insider attack and replay attack and so forth. We have analyzed the security of a recently published Uddeshaya et al's protocol for satellite communication, and discussed how it suffers from design flaws and insider attack. This protocol cannot stop the Bergamo attack, but the proposed protocol is applicable in specific environment against Bergamo attack. We have compared and illustrated the performance and security analysis of several existing protocols for satellite communication. The proposed authenticated key agreement protocol possesses both low computation and low communication cost. This protocol establishes a verified session key with only two messages of exchange. We have discussed the security of proposed framework in the random oracle model.
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