Introduction: : The incidence of vascular injuries from arthroscopic surgeries has been reported to be 0.005%. Pseudoaneurysms account for 11% of those injuries. Case Report: In this case report, we discuss a 76-year-old female who presented with a pulsatile swelling in the right shoulder after 10 years following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Imaging confirmed the diagnosis of a posterior circumflex artery pseudoaneurysm. The patient was successfully embolised using a transradial approach with thrombosis of the pseudoaneurysm. Conclusion: Vascular injuries following arthroscopic shoulder surgery are rare. However, a pseudoaneurysm should be considered in patients who present with swelling at the surgical site, regardless of the post-operative interval. Keywords: Vascular injury, arthroscopy, circumflex artery pseudoaneurysm, embolisation.
Background: Cervical cancer is the commonest cancer among women in India and its prevalence is much higher than that of the developed countries, with also the highest mortality. The incidence of the disease can be reduced by the practice of routine screening for precancerous lesion and also by administration of human papilloma virus vaccine to adolescent girls. Objective: To determine the baseline information about the knowledge of cervical cancer and explore attitude and practice of Pap smear screening among the urban women. Methods: A cross sectional survey of women attending Gynaecology Out-Patient Department (OPD) in a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore was conducted. Information regarding their knowledge of cervical cancer, awareness of screening modality, and their socio demographic characters were collected in a perform. Results: Mean age of the study population was 40.45 ± 12 years. 142(47.3%) women knew about cervical cancer. 96(32%) women knew about prevention of cervical cancer and a majority-16 (5.3%) of them knew about the vaccination for prevention for cervical cancer. Of the total 300 women, only 86 (28.6%) had previously performed cervical cancer screening. The commonest reason for not undergoing Pap smear testing was neglect, lack of financial resources and the fear of discovering a serious disease.
Conclusion:In our study we found that women had a very poor knowledge regarding cervical cancer and were unaware of the concept of prevention. Extensive health education regarding, screening modality for cancer cervix and incorporation of pap smear in a national program can help to reduce the disease burden.
Objective: Symptomatic vertebral haemangiomas that present during pregnancy are extremely uncommon with few cases reported in literature. Epidural haemangiomas are rarer still with few documented. Methods: In this report, we describe the case of a 22-year-old pregnant patient who presented with apparent loss of foetal movement at 38 weeks’ gestation. Clinical review demonstrated the foetus was well but neurological examination revealed lower limb paresthesia, paresis, and evident uterine hypoesthesia. An MRI scan illustrated a haemangioma in the T1 vertebral body with an epidural component causing cord compression. Results: The management of spinal haemangiomas that present during pregnancy is a complex clinical scenario which requires careful multidisciplinary consideration to determine if surgical intervention is appropriate. In this case, the patient had an emergency caesarean section followed by posterior decompression and laminectomy of the T1 vertebra with excellent post-operative recovery. Conclusion: Gestational increase in the size of vertebral haemangiomas is well documented. We discuss a rare case in which a young pregnant patient presents with an atypical symptom of a vertebral haemangioma (uterine hypoesthesia). This case highlights the importance of prompt imaging in these scenarios and a cohesive multidisciplinary approach in order to provide optimal treatment for the patient.
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