Purpose:
To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP)—lowering efficacy and safety of incisional goniotomy as an adjunct to phacoemulsification in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients.
Methods:
Consecutive patients with PACG (high or borderline IOP) deemed fit for phacoemulsification were enrolled. After phacoemulsification, incisional goniotomy was performed with or without goniosynechialysis. Patient demographic profile, clinical data, and adverse events, if any, were analyzed during at least a 6-month follow-up period. Success was defined as IOP of 18 mm Hg or lesser with or without medications.
Setting:
Tertiary care Ophthalmic hospital.
Design:
Prospective interventional case series.
Results:
Of 46 eyes (38 patients) included, 69.6% eyes were classified as having advanced glaucoma. The mean treated IOP decreased by 7.3 ± 1.0 (SE) mm Hg (95% CI, 5.2-9.3) from 21.4 ± 6.6 to 14.2 ± 3.7 mm Hg at a mean duration of 11.7 ± 5.5 months (6-22 months) postoperatively (P < .001, paired t test). There was 66.6% reduction in median number of hypotensive medications (P < .001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Observed complications included hyphema (13 eyes [28%]), IOP spike (3 eyes [6.5%]), and cyclodialysis (1 eye [2.17%]). High treated IOP and number of medications were significantly associated with failure in univariate analysis (P < .05, Fisher exact test). The cumulative survival probability for qualified success at 22 months was 87.8% ± 0.07 (95% CI, 0.65-0.96).
Conclusions:
Incisional goniotomy as an adjunct with phacoemulsification resulted in a significant and sustained reduction in IOP along with decrease in number of glaucoma medications in chronic PACG eyes, irrespective of the disease stage.
Endometritis is defined as an infection or inflammation of the endometrium. Endometritis is of two types: acute and chronic. Acute endometritis is the symptomatic acute inflammation of the endometrium, which upon examination with a microscope shows micro-abscess and neutrophil invasion in the superficial endometrium. One of its most common manifestations is postpartum endometritis. Chronic endometritis is a silent disease usually diagnosed on the workup of secondary amenorrhoea and infertility. An important cause of chronic endometritis is tuberculosis, especially in developing nations. Chronic and acute endometritis have been associated with poor reproductive outcomes. Worse outcomes have been reported for individuals with chronic endometritis. This is a scoping review of endometritis and its impact on fertility.
Software testing is a discipline of software engineering whose aim is to find the presence of errors in the software. Software testing starts with the initial phase of software development life cycle. It is a myth that software testing shows the absence of errors. It is actually performed to show the presence of errors. The software testing leads to minimize errors lower down maintenance and cut down software costs. There are various techniques through which the process can be achieved. Testing is done to ensure that the product which is going to be produced will achieve the success.This paper focuses on the review and comparison of software testing levels, types & techniques in order to find out the most suitable techniques for Software Testing.
Synopsis
During the COVID‐19 pandemic, delays to fertility treatments and advancing age remain a major stressor for infertile women seeking treatment, thus necessitating the need to triage these patients.
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