Mental health recovery is an enabling process encouraging consumers to live a productive life, notwithstanding the presence of debilitating symptoms of illness. The recovery model has been integrated into all areas of mental health. However, literature shows that mental health professionals are not equipped to provide recovery‐oriented care to consumers. Researchers have recommended recovery‐based interventions to develop knowledge, attitudes, and skills to promote recovery‐oriented practice in mental health, yet there is a paucity of research regarding the effect of recovery‐oriented interventions on the knowledge and attitudes of mental health professionals to improve recovery‐oriented practice. Therefore, the purpose of the current review is to understand the effectiveness of interventions on recovery knowledge and attitudes of mental health professionals regarding recovery‐oriented practice. The papers were identified through the Population Intervention Comparison and Outcome strategy. The heterogeneity of the selected papers led to a narrative review instead of a systematic review with meta‐analysis. The analysis suggested that recovery‐based interventions are effective in enhancing the recovery knowledge and attitudes of mental health professionals. Recovery‐based interventions have the potential to reduce the use of physical restraints and improve work satisfaction among mental health professionals. The limitations of the studies were the heterogeneity of the selected populations and the absence of strong methodologies to assess the effect of the interventions. Therefore, future investigations should be focused on the effect of interventions on a homogeneous group using randomized controlled trials.
Accessible summary What is known on the subject? Negative attitudes towards mental illness lead to the formation of stigma. Stigma prevents the recovery of people diagnosed with mental illness. There is evidence of stigmatic attitudes towards mental ill health among mental health professionals. Anti‐stigma initiatives, such as education and training, may be effective in enhancing or maintaining positive attitudes towards mental illness among mental health professionals. What this paper adds to existing knowledge? Education and training that is designed and delivered around a specific mental health diagnosis or condition appears an appropriate strategy that could benefit mental health professionals to develop a deeper appreciation and understanding of mental ill health and its impacts on individuals. Consumer involvement in the education and training of mental health professionals regarding the stigma of mental illness is recommended; however, this is an under‐explored area of investigation. There is a weak evidence base regarding the long‐term sustainability of effects from anti‐stigma education and training. This should be addressed via further research in future. What are the implications for practices? Anti‐stigma initiatives can support mental health professionals to develop stigma‐free, recovery‐oriented practices in their work. Further, such initiatives can improve the provision of evidence‐based quality care for the consumers, facilitating their recovery. Abstract IntroductionDespite an increasing focus on stigma, evidence shows prejudicial attitudes towards mental illness among mental health professionals still exist. It is suggested that anti‐stigma initiatives can aid in enhancing the attitudes of mental health professionals. However, research on initiatives targeting stigma of mental illness among mental health professionals is limited. AimTo identify and analyse scientific literature pertaining to the effectiveness of anti‐stigma initiatives regarding mental ill health among mental health professionals. MethodA systematic literature review was performed using the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Google Search engine and Google Scholar. The papers were limited to English language, published in peer‐reviewed journals with full‐text articles available and published between the years 2008 and 2020 to understand the most recent trends in the attitudes of mental health professionals including nurses. The Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) strategy was used to identify papers meeting the inclusion criteria. ResultsA total of 439 papers were identified. However, papers not meeting the inclusion criteria were excluded from selection. Three appraisers reviewed the selected papers individually using the Joanna Briggs Institute [JBI] critical appraisal tool. Finally, eight unanimously accepted papers were included in the systematic review. Several effective anti‐stigma initiatives were identified through the review, and these had positive impacts on mental heal...
National mental health policies accentuate the importance of having positive attitudes, skills, and knowledge among mental health professionals to facilitate recovery‐oriented practices in all areas of mental health care. However, evidence suggests that mental health professionals' negative attitudes towards mental illness are still evident and that recovery‐oriented practice in acute inpatient units may be poorly implemented. At the same time, there is also a paucity of research to understand Mental Health Nurses' attitudes towards mental illness and recovery‐oriented practice specifically. Therefore, this non‐participant observation study aimed to explore Mental Health Nurses' attitudes towards mental illness and recovery‐oriented practice in acute inpatient units by observing the interactions between the consumers and nurses. The Mental Illness Clinicians Attitudes Scale‐v4 and The Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire inspired the development of a non‐participant observation chart for this study and the observations were recorded on the chart. Six observations were conducted in three acute inpatient units. Observations focused on Mental Health Nurses' knowledge about mental illness, communication, dignity, respect, anxiety, fear, punishment, facilitation of real choices for consumers, physical care, cooperation with consumers' families and others and recovery orientation. Interpretive descriptive analysis was used to analyse the data. The results show that Mental Health Nurses generally have positive attitudes towards mental illness and recovery‐oriented practice. Some deficits in the physical care of people with mental illness in the acute inpatient units were observed. Therefore, future research could address the adequate preparation of Mental Health Nurses to provide physical care to people with mental illnesses.
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