Background: The world's elderly population is increasing rapidly. According to the 2011 census elderly population contributes to 7.4% of the total population. Both physical and mental disorders are prevalent among the elderly. Symptoms of depression in older people are often overlooked and untreated. Depression leads to loss of appetite, diminution of food intake, and weight loss consequently leading to malnutrition. Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the geriatric population of urban field practice area using a predesigned, semi-structured questionnaire. Geriatric Depression was assessed using Geriatric Depression Scale and Nutritional Status using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Scale. House to house survey of the Geriatric population was conducted after obtaining written consent. Results: Out of 260 participants, 51.5% of the population were males, 49.2% of the population belonged to 60-69 years age group and 16.9% of them were more than 80 years of age. The prevalence of geriatric depression was 68.5 %,). The majority (64%) of the elderly population were at risk of malnutrition. Depression scores were negatively correlated with nutritional scores. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and malnutrition was considerably high among the elderly population. Malnutrition among the elderly is a significant determinant of malnutrition.
Introduction: Psychological Stress and other mental health problems are highly neglected in Indian farming Community. Changing climatic, weather and environmental conditions affected the growth of crops and yield. This has resulted in various stressful conditions faced by the farmers. The psychological stress leads to tensions in the family relationship, variations in their daily life, and poor operational decisions while farming and even may lead to farm accidents, suicides among them. Objectives: To study the Stress levels perceived by the farmers and the factors determining the stress among them and to study the suicidal ideation among farmers in the previous 6 months. Method: A Community based Cross sectional study was carried out in the villages of Kalghatagi taluk, among 324 marginal & small scale farmers of age group 18-60 years, using pretested semi-structured questionnaire comprising of socio-demographic details, occupational characteristics, perceived stress and the reasons for stress. The 4 item Perceived Stress Scale was used for the assessment of Stress levels. Higher Score indicates high levels of Stress. Results: Among 324 farmers, 69.8% of the farmers were males, majority of them belonged to 50-60 years, and most of them were small scale farmers. The mean perceived score was 6.29+4.38 SD. Majority of the farmers reported crop failure (35%) and debt (37%) as the reasons for stress. The major determinants of stress among farmers were crop failure, debt and family problems. Among 324 farmers 25.3% reported suicidal ideation in the previous 6 months. The Mean stress scores were high among those with suicidal ideation (12.69±1.12 SD). Conclusion: The study shows that stress levels were high among farmers and are related to the failure of crops, inability to pay the debts and other factors. The Mental health problems of the farmers should be addressed at early stages to reduce the burden of farmers’ suicides. Primary mental health care should be made available to the rural population.
Background: Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease of the central nervous system, most commonly caused by the bite of rabid dogs. Globally canine rabies causes 59,000 human deaths, over 3.7 million DALYs and 8.6 billion USD economic losses annually. These losses are due to a lack of knowledge about wound management and post-exposure prophylaxis. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and practices following dog bite and its management among the urban and rural population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the field practice area of KIMS, Hubli. 120 households of the urban and rural locality were interviewed with a semi-structured pretested questionnaire.Results: Overall 89.16% of the study population was aware that the disease can be prevented by vaccination. 35% of the rural and 28% of the urban population believed that the disease can spread from person to person. The knowledge about the site and the number of doses of vaccine was poor among both the population. The harmful practices for treatment of bite were still prevalent among both rural (25%) and urban (8.3%) population.Conclusions: The knowledge about the dog bite management and Rabies prevention is insufficient among both populations. There are myths and misconceptions about the disease and wound management. Practices like application of harmful substances like lime, turmeric, mud are the problems hindering rabies prevention and control. Proper steps need to be taken up to control the canine rabies.
Background: Gaming disorder has been included as a mental health disorder by WHO in ICD 11 revision. There is increased dependence on mobile phones, video games, and the internet among all age groups. Excessive use of mobile phones and gaming affects the physical, mental health and social life Objectives: To assess the prevalence of gaming disorder and problematic usage of mobile phones, and to assess the common health problems faced after prolonged usage. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 students of Hubli-Dharwad studying in various degree courses using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire. The Ten-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT-10) scale and Problematic Usage of Mobile Phone (PUMP) scale were used in the study Results: Out of 220 college students 52.3% were girls and 47.7% were boys. The mean game scoring was 2.11±2.18, and the mean problematic mobile usage score was 50.60±11.282, the prevalence of gaming disorder was 15%. The PUMP score was high among those who had gaming disorder. 74%of the participants complained one or the other health problems, most common being sleep disturbance. Conclusion: The problematic mobile usage and gaming disorder is high among students. A proper supportive environment is needed in the college and also in their homes.
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