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The results indicated that most dentists in west India valued what they learned through tooth carving and that they use this knowledge in their practice. This information supports the continued teaching of tooth carving in the undergraduate dental curriculum.

Background:Doxycycline has been advocated as useful adjuncts in periodontal therapy not only due to their antimicrobial actions, but also to their recently recognized anti-collagenolytic, anti-inflammatory, osteoclast inhibitory and fibroblast stimulating property. The purpose of the present cohort study was to evaluate the regenerative outcomes of bone graft with or without local doxycycline in non-contained infrabony periodontal defects.Materials and Methods:16 one or two wall infrabony defects, in 11 patients suffering from moderate to severe chronic periodontitis, aged 35-60 years, were randomly divided for bone graft, alone (control) and with doxycycline (test) for the study. At baseline, after 3 months and after 6 months of post-operative period, pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), radiological bone fill (RBF) and alveolar height reduction were recorded. Analysis of variance and Newman-Keuls post-hoc test were used or statistical analysis. A two-tailed probability (P) value P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results:For the control group PPD reduction 2.00 ± 0.18 mm, CAL gain 1.38 ± 0.17 mm, RBF 0.63 ± 0.27 mm (18.0%) was observed while in the test group PPD reduction 2.00 ± 0.38 mm, CAL gain 1.25 ± 0.31 mm, RBF 0.75 ± 0.31 mm (20.7%) was evaluated. While alveolar height reduction for the control group and test group was 13% and 12.5% respectively.Conclusion:The study confirmed no added benefits of local doxycycline, as compared with bone graft alone, for regeneration of non-contained human periodontal infrabony defects.

Background:Presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) has been used for aligning and not only for approximating the maxillary alveolar segments preoperatively but also for improving the nasal symmetry and therefore facilitates primary surgical repairs in cleft patients.Aim:This study was conducted to compare the efficacy and efficiency of Grayson's technique with Figueroa's modified presurgical nasoalveolar technique in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) infants.Materials and Methods:Twenty-two infants aged 10–15 days were randomly divided into two equal groups: Group I treated with Grayson's PNAM technique and Group II with Figueroa's PNAM technique.Results:When we compared nasal asymmetry values preoperatively and postoperatively of Group I and Group II, it was found that the nostril height increased significantly on the cleft side and nostril width decreased significantly postoperatively on the cleft side. When we compared nasal asymmetry values postoperatively of Group I with Group II, all the values were nonsignificant. When we compared the digital maxillary cast analysis outcomes preoperatively and postoperatively in Group I and Group II, it was found that there was a significant reduction in the alveolar gap and there is a significant increase in the arch width. When we compared the efficiency of Group I with Group II, it was found that Group II was more efficient than Group II.Conclusion:This study showed a morphological improvement in nasal symmetry and maxillary alveoli of infants with UCLP treated with both Grayson's PNAM technique and Figueroa's PNAM technique with Grayson's PNAM technique being more efficient.

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Citizen engagement and technology usage are two emerging trends driven by smart city initiatives. Governments around the world are adopting technology for faster resolution of civic issues. Typically, citizens report issues, such as broken roads, garbage dumps, etc. through web portals and mobile apps, in order for the government authorities to take appropriate actions. Several mediums -text, image, audio, video -are used to report these issues. Through a user study with 13 citizens and 3 authorities, we found that image is the most preferred medium to report civic issues. However, analyzing civic issue related images is challenging for the authorities as it requires manual effort. Moreover, previous works have been limited to identifying a specific set of issues from images. In this work, given an image, we propose to generate a Civic Issue Graph consisting of a set of objects and the semantic relations between them, which are representative of the underlying civic issue. We also release two multi-modal (text and images) datasets, that can help in further analysis of civic issues from images. We present a novel approach for adversarial training of existing scene graph models that enables the use of scene graphs for new applications in the absence of any labelled training data. We conduct several experiments to analyze the efficacy of our approach, and using human evaluation, we establish the appropriateness of our model at representing different civic issues.