Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour is a relatively uncommon odontogenic tumour first described by steensland in 1905. Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour accounts for about 3-7% of all odontogenic tumours, predominantly found in young female patients, located more often in maxilla associated with an unerupted permanent tooth. The tumour often misdiagnosed as an odontogenic cyst. AOT frequently resembles other odontogenic lesions such as dentigerous cysts or ameloblastomas. Therefore, it should be distinguished from the more common lesions of odontogenic origin in routine dental examinations. We present a rare case report of 59-year-old female patient of AOT occurring in the maxilla.
Ellis-van Creveld (EVC) syndrome is an ectodermal and chondral dysplasia as three embryonic layers are involved. It is a form of achondroplastic dwarfi sm resulting from an autosomal recessive disorder. It is most prevalent in the Amish population occurring in 1/5,000 live births and the birth prevalence in non-Amish population are estimated to be 7/1,000,000. Multiple malformations of the ectoderm and mesoderm, including short ribs, polydactyly, growth retardation and congenital cardiac anomalies are noted. This rare condition is inherited due to gene mutations of the EVC1 and EVC2, located on chromosome 4p16 in head to head confi guration. The presence of multiple orodental fi ndings such as conical teeth, hypodontia, malocclusion and hypoplasia of the enamel makes this syndrome important for a dentist. This article attempts to highlight on two female cases of EVC syndrome who reported to our institution where rare dental fi ndings and skeletal features were diagnosed along with a review of the literature.
The majority of patients with head and neck cancer present with locally advanced disease. Locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN) poses one of the most complex management challenges. This stage of disease is still potentially curable, but requires combined-modality therapy. One of the novel approaches is the use of targeted agents, particularly the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, in treatment strategies in LA-SCCHN. A Medline search covering topics related to targeted therapies in head and neck cancer over the last two decades was made and the facts were compiled. Cetuximab was the first novel agent to obtain regulatory approval in the United States for the treatment of patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer HNSCC. Cetuximab has been evaluated in combination with radiotherapy, chemo-radiotherapy, and induction chemotherapies, and was found to increase the overall survival rates in all the arms without raising the toxicity level of the combined modality of treatment significantly. The tyrosine kinase inhibitors Gefinitib and Erlotinib also produced an average response rate of 11% and 4% in different studies and also prolonged the disease control rates when used with chemotherapy. This paper will review the role of targeted agents, particularly the EGFR inhibitors, in the present treatment strategies in advanced, recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer.
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