Colostomy in neonates under local anaesthesia is feasible, safe and cost-effective. The outcome is good and may be used when neonatal anaesthetic expertise and intensive care facilities are lacking.

This study was aimed to examine men's knowledge and perception in Maternal Health care at Jimeta Metropolis of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Male involvement in maternal health care, factors affecting male involvement in maternal health care and perceived effects of male involvement in maternal health care were explored. This was a cross sectional descriptive study. A multistage cluster sampling technique was adopted for the study. A total of 370 respondents were included with a response rate of 92.7%. Included participants were men of reproductive age residing in Jimeta Metropolis. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 21. Result of the study showed poor knowledge about maternal health care as majority (70.8%) of the respondents were not aware of the number of times a woman should attend antenatal clinic, 60.5% did not know the services offered for women and 58.9% did not know the danger signs of pregnancy. Result on male involvement showed that, more than half (56.8%) of the men gave consent to their wives to attend antenatal clinic, 76.5% gave consent for their wives to go for delivery in a health facility, 43.4% allowed their wives to attend post-natal clinic and 52.1% provided fund for delivery for their wives. Religious/cultural factors (28.2%) and ignorance (25.9%) were found to be the most likely reasons for men not participating in maternal health care. Although their overall knowledge of the type of maternal health services was above average (58%), no association was found between knowledge and male involvement in maternal health care (P=0.062).). A significant difference was observed between educational attainment, ethnicity with male involvement in maternal health care (x2 =26.43, p value <0.0001 and ethnicity X 2 =47.24 , p value <0.0001 respectively. Health workers attitude towards male involvement in maternal health care was not statistically significant with x 2 =1,477, p-value = 0.224. There was an association between couples joint decision making and male involvement in maternal health care, x 2 =63.3, p value=0.0001. Joint decision made by couples was discovered to be a positive factor in male involvement in maternal healthcare. It was therefore recommended that, male involvement should be encouraged at all levels of healthcare. Invitation letters should be given to women attending maternal health service centres to invite their partners for more enlightenment and effective communication between couples, thereby encouraging joint decision making.

PCR has a role as a direct test in early diagnosis of HIV infection in infancy, particularly where the other direct test are not readily available.

Cervical cancer is a major cause of death among women in Kaduna State. Knowledge and access to regular screening will reduce the incidence of the disease. This study was a community-based, qualitative study on women living in Kaduna State, Nigeria. It assessed women`s knowledge about cervical cancer screening and identified barriers affecting screening for cervical cancer among women in Kaduna State. The population of the study included women of reproductive age group between 15 and 45 years who were purposively selected. Qualitative technique of data collection using Focus Group Discussions were held for the women. The study took place within the three Senatorial Zones of the State. The results were transcribed, themes and patterns emerged, systematically and critically analyzed and results presented verbatim in quotations. The findings showed that various factors influenced utilization of cervical cancer screening among which was the fact that, majority of the respondents were not aware of the screening services, negative beliefs regarding the causation of cervical cancer and prevention, lack of finance, no symptoms, among others. Among those who were aware of the screening, male health personnels screening the females was a major barrier. Major factors identified that can improve screening for the women were, increasing awareness for women and female health personnels screening the women for cervical cancer among other reasons. It was therefore recommended that, information regarding cervical cancer and screening should be disseminated to the populace. Female health personnels should be trained on cheap screening methods such as Visual Inspection using Acetic acid which is a screening method suitable for low resource settings.

Background: Respectful maternity care is acknowledged as necessary for reaching higher levels of care quality for women during labour and delivery. In Nigeria, the problem of disrespect and maltreatment during childbirth is quite high; midwives have been acclaimed as agents in this regard. Understanding the experiences of midwives in providing respectful maternity care during childbirth is critical to its promotion. This study therefore aimed at exploring and documenting the experiences of midwives in providing respectful maternity care during the birth of a child. Methods: This research was performed using a qualitative, phenomenological approach involving in-depth interviews conducted on purposefully selected midwives providing services in the labour ward of a Nigerian hospital. The thematic analysis procedure was used to create descriptive accounts of the study information, which was analysed using NVivo software. Study Sample: In total, 10 nurses or midwives currently working in the labour ward of the selected hospital participated in the study. Results: Midwives expressed expectations from pregnant women during childbirth that aligned with their belief in the preservation of patients’ dignity. Additionally, the opinion of the midwives pointed to the justification of disrespect with some patients acting outside of acceptable behaviours and composure in labour. Furthermore, health system constraints were also expressed to influence the experience of the midwives. Conclusion: Midwives are favourably disposed to providing respectful care during childbirth, but when their expectations are not met, their care becomes limited, and there are health system constraints. Several strategies could improve the experiences of midwives, including system-level changes and a collaborative shared model of care delivery between the antenatal clinic and labour wards.