Co-being and intra-action in horsehuman relationships: a multi-species ethnography of be(com)ing human and be(com)ing horse A multi-species perspective identifies and offers ethnographic insight into a variety of everyday, practical experiences and the roles they may play in shaping human-horse relationships. Analysis of narrative data from 60 open-ended interviews with a wide variety of riders in Norway and the Midwestern USA identifies three central themes of co-being. These are expressed, felt and voiced as embodied moments of mutuality, engagements of two agentive individuals and as a kind of anthropo-zoo-genetic practice, where species domesticate each other through being together. Co-being as intra-acting describes how horse and human meet and change as a result of their meeting.
Environmental effects of salmon farming are controversial issues. In Northern Norway, cod fishers argue that the location of salmon pens in fjords results in the cessation of local cod spawning. Research supporting or rejecting such statements is scant. There is an absence of both short-term and long-term studies on the effects that salmon farming may have on wild fish stocks. There are few studies of local ecosystem relationships in general. This article explores fishers' arguments about the effects of salmon farming. It discusses methods of assessing the reliability and validity of fisher knowledge, and contributes to the discussion on assets and limitations of narrative data and experiential knowledge.
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