Composites a material was developed to replace metal and alloys, because of the properties such as light weight and unique mechanical properties. Processing of aluminum-based composites has been developing by new manufacturing technology, namely severe plastic deformation (SPD), to produce unique of mechanical properties. Some of the methods used are; equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), accumulative roll bonding (ARB) and multi-axial forging (MAF). The results of some of these methods were compared with the latest method of new SPD, namely: repetitive press roll forming (RPRF). Based on grain morphology and mechanical properties, the result of RPRF has superior to another method. The properties produced by SPD technology was varies, the highest of hardness produced by RPRF process was 88 HV10, ECAP produced 65 HV10, MAF was 46 HV10 and ARB reached 50 HV10. While the highest of tensile strength produced by MAF was 237 MPa while the RPRF process just only around 147 MPa, but the ultrafine grains just only produced by RPRF method which is 0.9 μm, compared to other methods: MAF 1.2 μm, ECAP 5.7 μm and ARB is not so far with MAF that is equal to 1.4 μm. The RPRF process can be recommended for the interest of the aluminum-based composite materials processing industry. Because currently some component product by industries have been substituted from metal alloy materials to metal-based composites.
Affecting factor of important in industrial applications of Powder Metallurgy is a process of consolidation, the fabrication process with the good parameters by increasing of the bond strength on surface to reduce the number of pores. In particular, methods of Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) overcoming a number of difficulties associated with residual porosity in the sample which solidified. Ultrafine-Grained (UFG) materials processed by ECAP usually show unique mechanical properties such as; high yield stress at low strain hardening, good ductility on low temperatures and high strain-rate super-plasticity at high temperatures. Production of Al alloy growing rapidly, particularly in the automotive industry. Although highstrength aluminum alloys containing Mg and Si (6xxx series aluminum alloys) which are easily reached, but for formability processes is not sufficient to be applied. Therefore, much research has focused on increasing the formability of these alloys through heat treatment. High strength aluminum alloy, such as alloy AA7XXX, which combines the power of high-density ratio with excellent mechanical properties, is widely used for aviation applications, superplastic forming into high-volume fabrication of components in the automotive. Consumer products industry is currently limited because of the relatively low strain rate. AA6XXX are some of the alloys materials, mostly used currently covering the whole range of industry. Applications of AA6XXX easier to process than AA7XXX because of properties the material elasticity, AA7XXX tend to form internal cracks as a result of micro-segregation. That way heat treatment is required to improve the properties of the material when it is processed by ECAP.
The technology of severe plastic deformation (SPD) is the process on forming metals of large plastic strain that is used for mass production in order to make ultrafine-grained (UFG). Through research on the characterization of aluminium-based composite materials with several SPD methods, the ideal variable will be obtained in producing high-strength materials. The development of a new SPD method driven by requirements simplifies the process, so that it can be applied for mass production, some of the development of SPD technology is able to produce high plastic strain. The market for nanostructured materials produced by SPD technology is in sectors where superior traits such as specific strength is needed. This research is focused on a comparison of several SPD methods; APB, MAF, ECAP-PC and RPRF, in the scope of mechanical characterization on aluminium based composites. Result of mechanical properties obtained, the RPRF method is the best that is able to produce higher mechanical characteristics than other methods. That produces 75.9 VH10 hardness on RPRF, while APB 45.82 VH10, ECAP-PC 66.12 and MAF of 42.9 VH10
Powder metallurgy is a manufacturing process for a component that shape combine of making powder compaction. Determination final properties on hydroxyapatite (HAp)/Al2O3/SiC have an important role as a reinforced to determine the final properties on a biomaterial composite. Using of self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) method can produces the material with high density, strength, ductility, and stiffness. Hybrid composites include the usage of ceramic and metal like aluminum, titanium, magnesium, copper, SiC, and Al2O3. By SHS method using the exothermic heat reaction in the solids between the powder that been compacted to produce many kinds of material on high temperature process. Sample on this research consists of HAp, Al, Ti, Mg, Cu, SiC, and Al2O3, it was mixed and compacted at 7 tons of pressure. Variable on this research consists of HAp, Al and Ti composition, and holding time on SHS process. SHS process carried out at 600 0 C for 2, 3, 4 hours. Highest hardness achieved on usage of composition 2 about 666,52 HVN with using of 20% HAp, 35% Al, 30% Ti and 3-hours of holding time. The lowest hardness about 400.78 HVN achieved on usage of composition 1 with using of 10% HAp, 40% Al, 35% Ti and 3-hours of holding time.
The material hydroxyapatite (HAp) from fish bone, Ca5(PO4)3(OH)2 used as a material of composite. HAp is an inorganic material that shows good biocompatibility for bone-connection material. It has excellent ability to form direct bonds with hard tissue in bone, when used as bone filler or as a ceramic coating on surgical implants. In this work, investigation focused on the suitability of fish bone material as a hydroxyapatite matrix with two additive elements ie magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti) or copper (Cu) or another kind of coupling agent. Aluminium (Al) powder as a reinforcement in the composite materials. Investigation of morphological and structural properties of HAp samples derived from bone fish-chanos-chanos forsk (CCF) traced by microscope optical (M.O) to show the interconnected relative morphology grains to form complex compact matrix in hybrid composite materials. Analysis of sample elements using XRD to reveal the decomposition occurring at each calcination temperature. As well as a Finite Element Machine, type ANSYS R.18.2 trace simulation to ascertain how much actual temperature is occurring in the sample, it is necessary to trace the heat transformation that occurs within the HAp based composites of material. The test variable is the use of intermediate compositions, between the use of wetting agents between Mg-Cu, Mg-Ti or another combination of coupling agent. By high score software of XRD tracing to show how the hexagonal/monolith structures on HAp powder diffuses well against the wetting and reinforcing elements, so the process of the calcination will be applied for hybrid composite.
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