Objective: To determine the quality, content, and readability of patient education materials pertaining to otitis media across several popular online platforms focused on otolaryngology and pediatric primary care education. Methods: Online patient materials related to otitis media and directed toward parents were collected from the American Association for Family Practice (AAFP), ENT-Health section of the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Healthychildren.org from the American Academy of Pediatrics, KidsHealth from Nemours, WebMD, and Wikipedia. Materials were analyzed for quality, content, and readability. The DISCERN instrument was used to score quality. A unique content score was generated based on the information provided on each website and on the medical and surgical management of otitis media. Readability scores were calculated using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Flesch Reading Ease Score, Gunning-Fog Index, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, Coleman-Liau Index, and Automated Readability Index. Results: Overall, content was well-balanced. Information from AAFP and Healthychildren.org was focused more on medical management than other sources. The average DISCERN scores showed all sources to be of good quality with minimal shortcomings. The AAFP and KidsHealth websites had some readability scores around the 8th-grade reading level, the National Institute of Health’s upper limit recommended for public health information; however, most websites were above this recommended reading level. Conclusion: Patient education materials related to otitis media on academic and certain popular internet sites are good sources to obtain high-quality information on the topic. Patient educational background, prior knowledge and understanding of otitis media, and physician-patient partnership goals should be taken into account when referring patients to online materials.
Background Chronic sinusitis is a common otolaryngologic complaint with a significant impact on patients’ quality of life. There is current debate and differences in quality of evidence regarding the best surgical management approach to pediatric chronic sinusitis. Objective To investigate changes in publishing trends over time in surgical management of pediatric chronic sinusitis. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted in January 2019 using Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science, of all articles that included surgical treatments for pediatric chronic sinusitis. Publications were grouped into 3 time periods: pre-1998, 1999–2008, and 2009–2018. In addition, a subgroup of publications pertaining to endoscopic sinus surgery, balloon sinuplasty, and adenoidectomy were grouped into 2-year periods since 1988 to compare the number of publications on each topic and to examine overall trends. Results A total of 327 abstracts were included in the data collection and analysis. There was an overall significant increase in total number of publications ( P < .0001), total number of authors ( P = .001), and comparison studies ( P = .003) from pre-1989 to 2018. Relative number of prospective studies, systemic review, and case studies/expert opinions have not significantly increased over time when comparing decades ( P > .05). Among the surgery types, functional endoscopic sinus surgery has the most amount of publications regardless of year despite a statistically significant increase in publications pertaining to balloon sinuplasty in the pediatric literature from 1999–2008 to 2009–2018 ( P = .001). Conclusions Studies on pediatric chronic sinusitis have increased significantly during each of the last 2 decades with an increase in the concomitant number of authors and comparison studies. Although most publications are still Level C or D evidence, there has been a nonsignificant increase in Level A evidence in the past decade. Endoscopic sinus surgery still remains the most studied procedure despite the recent increase in publications on balloon sinuplasty.
Objective: A modified technique of using conjunctival graft from the pterygium tissue itself without any rotation for primary pterygium in glaucoma suspects and double headed pterygium with fibrin glue. Methods: Hospital based study in a tertiary centre in Karnataka, from July 2017 to April 2018, involving38 patients with primary pterygium who underwent pterygium excision with conjunctival graft from pterygium tissue itself without Rotation of the flap using fibrin glue. Group one included glaucoma suspects with pterygium and group two included patients with double headed pterygium. Follow up was done at 24hours,1 week,4 weeks,8 weeks and 8 th month for recurrence, graft retraction and graft edema. Results: Out of 38 eyes (group 1 and group 2) average recurrence rate of 5.55%, graft retraction of 28.88% and graft edema of 44.44% was recorded. Conclusion: Conjunctival graft from the pterygium tissue itself without rotation of flap is an effective technique with lower recurrence rate for treating primary pterygium in glaucoma suspects and double headed pterygium.
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