The apple and pear have a significant place in the horticulture sector of Jammu & Kashmir. The planted areas have been expanding quiet significantly since 1990s. Advanced technologies for these crops have been rationalized and adopted by the growers; however, seasonal and annual variations of the fruit supplies continue to characterize prices at both wholesale and consumption levels. In this study, Nerlovian model has been used to estimate supply response, Engle-Granger test and Vector Error Correction Model have been used to estimate the long-run and short-run dynamics. The study has revealed that the price of apple has more variation compared to price of pear. The existence of correlation between the prices of apple and pear suggests that there exist both long-run and short-run relationships between the prices of these commodities. The results have exhibited a high value of R 2 (95%) and estimated own price elasticities of 0.32 and 0.33 in apple and 0.03 and 0.28 in pear, respectively in short-and long-run. The results have further revealed that the price of pear has a positive and significant impact on price of apple, as demonstrated by their respective coefficients. The study has concluded that if price of apple increases, people can opt for pear which has turned out to be an alternative crop.
We study paddy farmers in Kerala and analyse the factors affecting their willingness to pay for crop insurance and for a hypothetical crop insurance product. The farmers are willing to pay higher premium rates if claims are settled based on the procurement price, instead of cultivation cost, and promptly; and individual losses are accounted for. A farmer's willingness to pay more is influenced positively by their landholding size and negatively by age. Infrastructural support, and efficient implementation, will help to resolve the design--reality gaps in insurance schemes. Designing popular schemes will reduce the subsidy burden on the public exchequer.
Market price volatility, the major challenge faced by the cardamom exporters greatly hinders the investment and destabilizes the earning of small holders. The present study attempted to analyse the price transmission between Indian and international markets and study the supply response of small cardamom to changes in price. The co-movement of prices of small cardamom exist between the Indian and international markets after trade liberalisation and the price transmission has been from the international market to the Indian market. The short-run disequilibrium has been found between the Indian and international prices of cardamom, which got corrected with varying speed of adjustment. The positive and significant elasticity of supply of small cardamom with respect to its own two year lagged price has been established. Crop specific price stabilization mechanism would help to overcome the wide fluctuations in prices of small cardamom.
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