Introduction: Many children with post palatoplasty had crossbite posterior. This study was aimed to assess the nasopharynx area and the posterior crossbite severity level of children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) who received palatoplasty treatment compared to normal children. Methods: The study was observational analytic. The research subject was 14 children with CLP post-palatoplasty and 14 normal children. The object of research was 28 study models and secondary data of lateral cephalometric radiograph of children with CLP post palatoplasty and normal children. The measurement of PTM-ad1-Ad2-PTM and PTM-So-Ba-PTM were used to measure the nasopharyngeal area. Study models were assessed to analyse the level of severity of posterior crossbite. Results: The average of the soft tissues (the nasopharynx) area children with CLP post-palatoplasty was 35.02 mm2, which was lower than the normal child (35.73 mm2). Similarly, the average of the hard tissues (the nasopharynx) area children with CLP post-palatoplasty was 301.40 mm2, which was smaller than the normal children (315.54 mm2). Statistical analysis of the nasopharynx area resulted in non-significant difference. All children with CLP post-palatoplasty was suffered from posterior crossbite. The level of severity posterior crossbite, which was categorised as good was 42.9%, poor criteria was 35.7%, moderate criteria was 14.3%, and very good criteria was 7.1%. Conclusion: There is no difference between the average size of the nasopharynx area on children with CLP post-palatoplasty and normal children. The level of severity posterior crossbite after palatoplasty in CLP children mostly included in the good criteria.
Background: Dental caries is a disease of dental hard tissue that is often found in children. The etiology of dental caries is very diverse and multifactorial, one of which is the decreased acidity of saliva. There are many efforts and ways to reduce the incidence of dental caries, one of which is the application of topical flour to the teeth. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) as a type of topical flour used has been shown to reduce demineralization and increase tooth remineralization. This study aimed to determine the acidity level of saliva before and after application of CPP-ACP in children aged 8-9 years. Methods: Measurement of salivary acidity was measured using a digital pH meter in the study sample of 42 children consisting of 23 boys and 19 girls. Subjects were applied CPP-ACP for 1 month with the routine application once a week, then re-examined the salivary acidity level after 1 month. Result : The average result of salivary acidity before CPP-ACP application was 6.928 and after CPP-ACP application was 7.0611. The T-test resulted in a very significant difference in the level of salivary acidity before and after the application of CPP-ACP. Conclusion : is that Tthere are differences in the level of salivary acidity in children aged 8-9 years before and after topical application of CPP-ACP flour.
Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) is an abnormal disease that occurs in hard tissue of teeth. Clinical features of Amelogenesis Imperfecta look like immature enamel that looks like hypomaturation. The etiology of AI is influenced by the TGF-?1 factor which is disturbed during the formation and development of enamel, one of which is caused by the presence of ENAM gene mutations. Further research on genetic history in the family and biomineralization of the formation of enamel important to be developed later.
Problems: Children with special needs often have problems in their oral health, including caries and periodontal disease. Selec-tion of good preventive dentistry materials as a whole can reduce the risk of caries and periodontal disease as well as improve the level of dental and oral health. Objectives: To describe several preventive dentistry materials that can be used in children with special needs as a protection and prevention material for their teeth and mouth. Conclusion: The selection of the right pre-ventive dentistry materials can improve the dental health status of children with special needs. These materials can be toothpaste, fluoride topical and fluoride-containing restorative materials such as glass ionomer cement.
AbstrakEctodermal dysplasia adalah kelainan herediter yang jarang didapatkan, lebih kurang 7.000 kasus di dunia. Pada kelainan ini terjadi gangguan perkembangan struktur organ-organ yang berasal dari lapisan ektodermal seperti rambut, gigi, kuku, dan kelenjar keringat. Dilaporkan kasus sindrom ectodermal dysplasia pada seorang anak perempuan berusia 14 tahun dengan manifestasi klinis berupa oligodontia (kehilangan gigi lebih dari 6 gigi pada rahang atas dan bawah), rambut tipis dan keriting, abnormalitas bentuk kuku kaki, dan gangguan ekskresi keringat. Tujuan perawatan pasien ini adalah mendapatkan fungsi estetik dan pengunyahan pasien yang terganggu akibat tidak terdapat benih gigi permanen, selain itu juga untuk menjaga supaya pertumbuhan rahang tetap berkembang normal. Penatalaksanaan oligodontia berupa pembuatan gigi tiruan lepasan dan mahkota akrilik pada seluruh gigi anterior rahang atas dan bawah. Simpulan yang didapatkan pada pasien ini adalah tercapainya perbaikan estetika dan pengembalian fungsi pengunyahan serta pemeliharaan pertumbuhan rahang dapat terjaga dengan baik. Ectodermal dysplasia is a hereditary disorder that is rarely seen with approximately 7000 cases in the world. In this disorder, Ectodermal dysplasia occurs as a developmental disorder of organ structures derived from the ectodermal layer such as hair, teeth, nails, and sweat glands. This is a case report of ectodermal dysplasia in a 14-year-old girl with clinical manifestations of oligodontia (tooth loss, more than 6 teeth on the upper and lower jaw), thin and curly hair, abnormal toenail shape, and impaired excretion of sweat. The purpose of the treatment was to make the patient regains her esthetic and masticatory functions, which were disrupted by the absence of permanent tooth buds, as well as to maintain the normal growth of the developing jaws. Treatment for the patient's with oligodontia included the use of removable denture in lower jaw and application of acrylic crowns on all upper and lower anterior teeth resulting in improved esthetics and masticatory function. It is concluded that the treatment has been able to improve the esthetics and to return the masticatory function of the patient while maintaining the normal growth of the jaws. [MKB. 2015;47(4):255-60]
Background: Caries is a disease affecting the hard tissue of the tooth wherein the demineralization process caused by Streptococcus mutans decreases saliva pH faster than the remineralization process can maintain it. Topical fluoridation, such as fluoride varnish and casein phosphopeptides-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is the most common preventive therapy for the disease. Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the difference between fluoride varnish and CPP-ACP in reducing saliva pH and caries activity. Materials and Methods: This is an experimental study with a sample population of 60 children (aged 8–9 years old), divided into two groups of 30. Group 1 was treated with fluoride varnish, Group 2 with CPP-ACP. A t -test was used to measure the effects of the different treatments. Results: The result showed that the average difference in saliva pH before and after application was −0.12933 in Group 1 and −0.14033 in Group 2 ( P = 0.256). The average difference in caries activity before and after application was 3.189 log colony-forming units (CFUs)/mL in Group 1 and 2.237 log CFUs/mL in Group 2 ( P = 0.275). Conclusion: The most effective treatment for increasing saliva pH and reducing caries activity can be achieved by using the varnish for 1 month. However, there is no difference between fluoride varnish and CPP-ACP with regard to altering saliva pH and reducing caries activity statistically. Future study is needed to explore this result.
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