The paper presents a checklist to the 146 species of the genus Baccharis, native in Brazil. Aster pohlii Bak:er is changed to Baccharis, and a new combination is proposed: Baccharis pohlii (Bak:er) Deble & An. S. de Oliveira. A new name is created-Baccharis hyemalis Deble-to replace Heterothalamus rupestris Deble, An. S. de Oliveira & Marchiori (non B. rupestris Heering). Twenty one new synonymities are proposed, being seven to B.
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