Estimou-se a degradabilidade in situ de 10 forrageiras tropicais em três idades ao corte (21, 42 e 63 dias) e em três tempos de incubação (6, 24 e 96h). As forrageiras utilizadas foram: Andropogon gayanus cv. Planaltina, Brachiaria brizantha (acessos 3401, 3413 e 3451 CPAC), Cenchrus ciliaris (acessos 79119, 79146, 79148, 80199 e 81302 CPATSA) e Panicum maximum (3616 CPAC). Os acessos de B. brizantha, P. maximum e A. gayanus apresentaram os maiores valores de degradabilidade da matéria seca e os de C. ciliaris os valores mais baixos. Todas as forrageiras apresentaram queda no desaparecimento da matéria seca com o avanço da idade. Os acessos de Brachiaria brizantha 3413 e 3451 apresentaram as maiores degradabilidades efetivas.

This report provides a basis for future cross-cultural adaptations of POLST to other countries. The authors hope such new adaptations will broaden the possibilities of research using POLST and also may promote wider provision of care at the end of life that is consistent with patients' preferences.

Key Points Question What is the interrater reliability of medical treatment orders documented in the Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment form? Findings In this cross-sectional study of interviews with 64 patients and decision-making surrogates in Brazil, the κ statistics for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, level of medical intervention, and artificially administered nutrition were high. However, disagreement in at least 1 order for life-sustaining treatment was found in 5 cases. Meaning The findings support the Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment paradigm as a means to translate patients’ values and preferences of care at the end of life into medical orders and stress the importance of frequently reviewing the content of the Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment form to ensure it reflects current preferences.

In forest nurseries, irrigation management becomes more complex as different seedlings of tropical species, with different architectures, are grown close to each other. In this context, there are gaps in knowledge about the physiological responses of species with different mean leaf angles when subjected to different irrigation depths. Thus, this work aimed to analyze whether mean leaf angles affect irrigation efficiency and, consequently, physiological responses of tree seedlings. Six species with different mean leaf angles were submitted to three irrigation depths (6, 9, and 12 mm) applied daily by micro-sprinklers in a completely randomized design in a split plot scheme. The following variables were evaluated: leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, relative water content in the leaf, daily transpiration, leaching fraction, and total dry mass. In tree species seedlings with positive mean leaf angles, smaller irrigation depths are already able to increase leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, and transpiration efficiency. In contrast, when the mean leaf angles are negative, it is necessary to apply larger irrigation depths so that seedling physiological responses do not reduce the production of total dry mass.

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