Ethical principles can be used to guide the research in addressing the initial and ongoing issues arising from qualitative research in order to meet the goals of the research as well as to maintain the rights of the research participants.

The preparedness of comprehensive nurses to work with the mentally ill is of concern to many mental health professionals. Discussion as to whether current undergraduate nursing programs in Australia prepare a graduate to work as a beginning practitioner in the mental health area has been the centre of debate for most of the 1990s. This, along with the apparent lack of interest and motivation of these nurses to work in the mental health area following graduation, remains a major problem for mental health care providers. With one in five Australians now experiencing the burden of a major mental illness, the preparation of a nurse who is competent to work with the mentally ill would appear to be a priority. The purpose of the present study was to determine third year undergraduate nursing students' perceived level of preparedness to work with mentally ill clients. The results suggested significant differences in students' perceived level of confidence, knowledge and skills prior to and following theoretical and clinical exposure to the mental health area. Pre-testing of students before entering their third year indicated that the philosophy of comprehensive nursing: integration, although aspired to in principle, does not appear to occur in reality.

Compassionate care: a moral dimension of nursing This paper focuses on the concept of compassion and its meaning for nursing practice. Compassion is often considered to be an essential component of nursing care; however, it is difficult to identify what exactly comprises compassionate care. To begin with, there is a general discussion of the meaning of compassion and an examination of its common usage. An argument then is presented that compassion is more than just a natural response to suffering, rather that it is a moral choice. The paper outlines the extent to which this concept has implications for nursing care, highlighting some of the obstacles that nurses need to overcome in order to maintain this essential moral value of the caring role.

This paper presents the findings of a qualitative study to identify factors that influence Asian communities' access to mental health care and how mental health care is delivered to them. Semistructured interviews were completed with Asian community members/leaders and health-care professionals. Content analysis identified major themes. Participants also completed a demographic data sheet. The research aimed to provide health professionals with an increased understanding of the values and beliefs held by people from Asian communities regarding the cause and treatment of mental illness. Data analysis identified six main themes that influenced Asian communities' access to mental health care and how mental health care is delivered to them. They were: shame and stigma; causes of mental illness; family reputation; hiding up; seeking help; and lack of collaboration. The findings highlighted that people from Asian communities are unwilling to access help from mainstream services because of their beliefs, and that stigma and shame are key factors that influence this reluctance. The findings also highlight that the mental health needs of refugee women are significant, and that they comprise a vulnerable group within Australian society.

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This phenomenological study was designed to understand the lived experience of nursing students coping with the demands of their clinical practice. The Husserlian phenomenological approach was used. The data revealed several strategies that fourteen student nurses utilised to cope with the demands of their undergraduate clinical program. The participants discussed having a strong determination to complete their course and talking things over with family, friends, and other students as means of helping them get through it. They considered that only other nursing students could really understand the experience of being a student nurse. Therefore, a very effective student grapevine operated in their undergraduate program. The grapevine was used to disseminate information about all aspects of the course. Other strategies discussed by the participants were 'playing the game' and doing only what was necessary to complete the undergraduate program. This paper describes the learning strategies used by nursing students during their clinical practice, which has implications for clinical teachers and schools of nursing.

This paper discusses how patient confidentiality issues impact on carers of people with mental disorders. Data obtained from interviews with 27 primary carers were analysed using the grounded theory method. Despite the emphasis that Australian mental health policy documents place on collaboration with carers, the findings of this Western Australian study showed that carers were expected to undertake the caring role with little support, education or understanding. The lack of collaboration with health professionals increased carers' level of distress and left them feeling frustrated and resentful. Carers have identified that patient confidentiality was one reason why health professionals were unwilling to collaborate with them. To ensure carers' continued commitment to caring, negotiation about patient confidentiality issues must occur at the onset of the caregiving process. Carers have the right to certain information in order to maintain their level of well-being and their personal safety. Moreover, in certain circumstances, patient confidentiality may need to be breached if the life of the ill family member or others is in danger. A greater carer involvement in and understanding of the ill family member's illness will facilitate better treatment outcomes in the community for the ill family member.

Objectives:  This study aims to describe the perceptions of grandparents parenting their grandchildren on full‐time bases. Method:  The paper uses a descriptive qualitative approach to depict grandparents’ parental experience. Seventeen grandparents, including four couples, were interviewed. Data were analysed and interpreted using content analysis. Results:  The findings indicated that grandparents parenting their grandchildren found that this unexpected role brought several emotional, social and financial problems into their lives. They actively looked for resources that could provide them with support to overcome the stressors of their parental role. Many expressed concerns about the future of their grandchildren and frustration when they were dealing with government institutions. Conclusion:  A number of important areas are identified that have policy implications.