The aim of this research was to reconstruct vegetation changes (with climate inferences) that occurred during the Holocene in the Fernando de Noronha Island, Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil. The research approach included the use of geochemical (mineralogy, elemental), carbon isotopes (δ 13 C, 14 C) and pollen analyses in soil organic matter (SOM) and sediments collected in Lagoa da Viração and Manguezal do Sueste. The carbon isotopes data of SOM indicated that there was no significant vegetation changes during the last 7400 BP, suggesting that the climate was not the determinant factor for the vegetation dynamics. The pollen analysis of the sediment of a core collected in the Lagoa da Viração showed the absence of Quaternary material in the period between 720 BP and 90 BP. The mineralogical analysis of deeper layer showed the presence of diopside indicating this material was developed "in situ". Only in the shallow part of the core were found pollen of similar plant species of the modern vegetation. The geochemistry and isotope results, in association with the sediment type and pollen analyses of sediment samples of Manguezal do Sueste, indicated variations in the vegetation and in its location since the middle Holocene. Such variations can be associated with climatic events and sea level oscillations and also with anthropogenic events considering the last five hundred years.

Neste trabalho foram reconhecidas 87 morfoespécies de árvores, arvoretas e palmeiras nos sete parques urbanos de Recife, com a observação de 2808 exemplares. As espécies de árvores e arvoretas mais abundantes foram Clitoria fairchildiana, Mangifera indica, Tecoma stans, Terminalia catappa e Tabebuia impetiginosa. Entre as palmeiras destacaram-se Dypsis lutescens, Roystonea oleracea, Cocos nucifera, Acrocomia intumescens e Elaeis guineensis. A maior abundância foi verificada no Parque Treze de Maio, com 981 exemplares e 58 espécies. O Parque da Jaqueira apresentou 773 indivíduos e 68 espécies, sendo o parque com maior riqueza de espécies. O parque menos arborizado e com menor riqueza florística foi o Robert Kennedy, com 122 indivíduos e 18 espécies, e os que apresentaram piores condições de densidade foram Arraial Novo do Bom Jesus e Santana (41,7 e 56,7 indivíduos/ha, respectivamente). O potencial paisagístico da flora local foi mal aproveitado nos parques urbanos de Recife, privilegiando-se o plantio de espécies exóticas ou nativas de outros biomas brasileiros. As densidades de árvores, arvoretas e palmeiras foram consideradas baixas em quatro dos sete parques, que precisam receber novos plantios de espécies arbóreas, preferencialmente nativas, contribuindo para amenização climática e conservação e valorização de flora nativa.

No abstract

We present the taxonomic treatment of Evolvulus in the state of Ceará, as part of the project “Flora do Ceará: Knowing to conserve”. The study was based on the floristic-morphological analysis of specimens deposited in the ASE, CEN, EAC, ESA, HCDAL, HST, HUEFS, HUVA, HVASF, IPA, PEUFR, and UFP herbaria, specialized bibliography, typus collections available on on-line platforms, collections and field observations. In Ceará, we registered 13 species of Evolvulus: E. anagalloides, E. cardiophyllus, E. eleaegnifolius, E. ericifolius, E. filipes, E. glomeratus, E. gypsophiloides, E. linoides, E. nummularius, E. ovatus, E. phyllanthoides, E. pterocaulon, and E. sericeus. Of these, ten occur in protected areas from Ceara state. The greatest species richness for the genus (10) was registered in the open crystalline caatinga. Additionally, we present an identification key, morphological descriptions, geographic distribution, taxonomic and ecological comments, phenology and illustrations of the diagnostic characters of the species.