Introduction: Shaken baby syndrome is common in neurotrauma in children, with an estimated incidence of 14 to 40 cases per 100,000 children under 1 year. The sudden acceleration and deceleration movement of the head is the main cause. The diagnosis is made through the analysis of the patient’s clinical history and imaging exams that search for retinal hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage, skull and rib fractures. Objectives: To identify the main diagnostic neurological manifestations associated with the Shaken Baby Syndrome. Methods: A narrative review including meta-analysis articles, review and systematic review was carried out in the PubMed database with the following descriptors: shaken + baby + syndrome from 2011 to 2021. Results: Most children with SBS arrive at the hospital with nonspecific symptoms. Initial neurological manifestations include decreased level of consciousness, lack of appetite, persistent crying for no apparent reason, lethargy, nausea, vomiting and drowsiness and, in severe cases, can present apnea, bulging of the fontanelle, convulsions and shock. Late consequences include difficulty reading, vision problems, including blindness, hearing and physical impairment, cerebral palsy and death. Conclusions: SBS is a major cause of child mortality from physical abuse. It is associated with the sudden movement of the head and its main cause is the lack of knowledge of this syndrome.
Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is neurodegenerative and has bradykinesia, rest tremor, stiffnes and postural instability. These changes come from the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. The treatment, carried out based on levodopa, provides improvements in the condition of the patients, however, they provide side effects. Based on this, the Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) technique - stimulation of subcortical structures with electrodes - is a good treatment option. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was carried out, using the PubMed database with the keywords “Deep brain stimulation”, “Therapeutic use” and “Parkinson’s disease”. Included articles of meta-analysis, systematic review and review published in the last year. Results: The DBS offers a significant improvement in motor symptoms, gait, postural instability, reduction in tremors and in their progression. However, DBS can offer risks to the patient. Comparing the effectiveness of DBS with other therapies for Parkinson’s, such as levodopa/ carbidopa intestinal infusion gel (LCIG) and best medical therapy (BMT), it was found that BMT is botton. The cost-effectiveness comparison of these techniques, showed that DBS is the most costly procedure. It stands out comparisons can have intrinsic biases, such as the conflict of interest with pharmaceutical companies. Conclusion: DBS is a beneficial intervention for patients with PD who have important motor symptoms. Performed only in cases with indication, due to the possibility of complications.
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