Abstract--The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, particularly wind power, raises concerns about the level of flexibility needed to cope with the inherent variability and uncertainty affecting these sources of energy. Departing from the common conception of providing flexibility using fossil-fuelled generators with fast ramp rates, this paper explores the use of demand-side resources. A technique to optimize the balance between the flexibility provided by fast generating units and the flexibility achievable from demand side management (DSM) is presented. This methodology is based on an extended unit commitment optimization that considers both short-and longterm aspects, i.e. operational and investment costs. The methodology is applied to the IEEE RTS (RTS-96), using actual demand and wind profiles from central Scotland.Index Terms--Flexibility, demand side management, integration of wind generation, long-term unit commitment, reserve requirements.
-The stochastic nature of renewable energy sources such as wind and sun introduces a new form of uncertainty in power system operation. The standard answer to the concerns that this increase in uncertainty raises is that the system should become more "flexible". However, there is as yet no agreement on exactly how much flexibility is needed or even a commonly accepted measure of flexibility. There is agreement however on the fact that flexibility has a cost and that this cost should be minimized in a way that does not affect reliability to facilitate the integration of these renewable energy sources. This presentation will explore how flexibility from demandside resources compares with the flexibility that fast ramping generating units can provide. In order to take into account the associated investment costs, this comparison relies on an extended unit commitment optimization that considers both short-and long-term aspects.Index Terms--Flexibility, demand side management, integration of wind generation, long-term unit commitment, reserve requirements.
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