Salinity of soil in arid and semiarid regions is a problem that affects the production and quality of fruit. That’s while we evaluated grafting on watermelon plants as an alternative to reduce the salinity effects. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, three treatments (cultivars Sangria, Summer Flavor 800 and Summer Flavor 840) with three repetitions. The cultivars were evaluated in grafted and ungrafted condition. The rootstock used for grafting was the interspecific hybrid Strong Tosa (C. maxima x C. moschata). In average terms for the three cultivars, grafting increased commercial production, weight, length and diameter of fruits in 160.5%, 36.5%, 12.0% and 7.5%, respectively. Sangria presented the best answer in production with 57.1 t ha-1, weight 5.8 kg, length 35.0 cm and diameter 17.8 cm of fruits. Also, grafting favored in 6.3% the luminosity and reduced 6.4% Hue angle. Summer Flavor 840 showed the best result in luminosity with 48.3 and hue angle 26.4°. Firmness, °Brix and lycopene content were not modified by grafting. Grafting represents an alternative for watermelon production in saline soils, improving yield and quality of the fruits.
El injerto en hortalizas es una alternativa en los sistemas de producción de cultivos bajo condiciones adversas, siendo de mayor importancia portainjertos de Cucurbita y Lagenaria en el cultivo de sandía. La especie Lagenaria siceraria se encuentra distribuida en México; sin embargo, el uso de materiales criollos como portainjerto es limitado o nulo, por lo que, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar y seleccionar las mejores combinaciones de portainjertos criollos de L. siceraria en dos variedades de sandía. El experimento se realizó en un arreglo factorial 2x7 dentro de un diseño completamente al azar y tres repeticiones por tratamiento. Las variables evaluadas fueron producción precoz, rendimiento total, firmeza de pulpa, proporción de pulpa en fruto y contenido de sólidos solubles. La mayor precocidad de sandía se obtuvo con la variedad 2800 superando en 12,35% a Sangría, y en el caso de portainjertos, la tendencia generalizada fue mayor precocidad con respecto a las plantas control. El rendimiento se favoreció por el injerto principalmente con las combinaciones de L43 y L56. La proporción de pulpa fue superior en 4,58% en la variedad 2800 con respecto a Sangría, mientras que, no se presentaron efectos significativos por la combinación de injerto. El contenido de o Brix fue un parámetro con efectos significativos en la interacción de variedad por combinación de injerto, registrándose mayores incrementos en esta variable en las combinaciones de los portainjertos con la variedad Sangría. Los portainjertos con mayor efecto en precocidad, rendimiento y calidad de fruto fueron L43 y L50, los que pueden ser considerados para programas de mejoramiento posteriores.
The availability of water and nitrogen in the soil affect the metabolism of onion bulbs. The synthesis of metabolites and bioactive compounds are the most affected, along with the quality of the onion bulbs However, it is necessary to know the effects of different water levels and nitrogen fertilization to optimize the quality of the onion. The objective of this research was to study the effects of the different conditions of hydric stress and nitrogen fertilization during the development of onion (Allium cepa L.) crop, regarding its physicochemical and bioactive properties. Onions were grown using four available irrigation regimes (25, 50, 75 and 100%) and four doses of nitrogen fertilization (100, 150, 200 and 250 kg N ha−1). Onion without any treatment was considered as a control. The treatments low in irrigation and nitrogen fertilization increased the pH level (5.7 to 5.9) and bulb coloration in bright white/yellowish tones. An increase was observed compared to control in titratable acidity (0.13%) just in the nitrogen content, ascorbic acid (46%) and antioxidant capacity with DPPH (12.3%) and ABTS (93.7%). A decrease was shown in soluble solids (14.6%), firmness (3.5 kg cm−2), dry matter (6.6%), total phenols (50%) and FRAP (33.2%) values. Pyruvic acid remained constant (1.5 µmol g−1 FW). The onion bulb extracts showed an erythroprotective effect with a hemolysis inhibition percentage higher than 95%. Finally, the onions had low pungency, and were soft and extra sweet. The treatments with 25% usable humidity and nitrogen fertilization of 150 and 250 kg ha−1, favored the physical, chemical and bioactive quality of the onion bulb.
This work was developed as part of a study on the potential of agritourism in Baja California, Mexico, and had its origin in the discovery of great opportunities for economic development in rural areas with the use of alternative tourism. The main objective was to analyze the links of value along the chain of agro-tourism services, which allow increasing the attractiveness of tourism proposals in agricultural companies. To achieve this, tours of 100 ranches or agricultural companies were conducted in the San Quintín Valley, Baja California, as a case study. With the use of indicators and comparative interpretations of the photographs obtained, potential products were selected as tourist attractions. The way to increase the value of each identified link was discussed, and finally a proposal was made for a value chain for agritourism destinations, describing the set of primary and support activities to be considered for the whole proposed chain. It is concluded that the success of any agritourism product will depend on the differentiation of the business concept offered, the access to new markets, the articulation between the proposed links, as well as the development of skills of the human talent that participates in each link of the chain.
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