The aim of this study was to investigate sensitivity and specificity of self-administrated tests aimed at pain provocation of posterior and/or anterior pelvis pain and to investigate pain intensity during and after palpation of the symphysis. A total of 175 women participated in the study, 100 pregnant women with and 25 pregnant women without lumbopelvic back pain and 50 non-pregnant women. Standard pain provocation tests were compared with self assessed tests. All women were asked to estimate pain during and after palpation of the symphysis. For posterior pelvic pain, the self-test of P4 and Bridging test had the highest sensitivity of 0.90 versus 0.97 and specificity of 0.92 and 0.87. Highest sensitivity for self-test for anterior pelvic pain was pulling a mat 0.85. Palpation of symphysis was painful and persistency of pain was the longest among women who fulfilled the criteria for symphyseal pain. There were overall significant differences between the groups concerning intensity and persistency of pain (P \ 0.001). Our results indicate that pregnant women can perform a screening by provocation of posterior pelvic pain by self-tests with the new P4 self-test and the Bridging test. Palpation of the symphysis is painful and should only be used as a complement to history taking, pain drawing and pulling a MAT-test.

The aim of this study was to describe personal assistants' risks for harmful effects in client transfer situations at work. Observation and assessment of their working postures in transfer situations were performed by the Swedish ergonomic regulations concerning "red flags" (AFS 1998:1), by video recordings and by biomechanical analysis. The results showed that among eight home care assistants, four assistants had a low-back posture in client transfer situations which was flexed and/or rotated >60, classified as a harmful effect, a red flag, with a high risk for musculoskeletal workrelated symptoms and disorders and the other four had a risk for harmful effects, yellow flags. The harmful effects were noted in highly flexed and rotated working postures when technical equipment was not used or not possible to use anthropometrically correct. All eight personal assistants´ neck flexion indicated yellow flags, thus there were risks for harmful effect in the neck.