Targeting cap-dependent translation initiation is one of experimental approaches that could lead to the development of novel anti-cancer therapies. Synthetic dinucleoside 5’, 5’-triphosphates cap analogs are potent antagonists of eukaryotic...
Quantitative description of biochemical processes inside living cells and at single-molecule levels remains a challenge at the forefront of modern instrumentation and spectroscopy. This paper demonstrates such single-cell, single-molecule analyses...
Bevacizumab is a biological drug that is now extensively
studied
in clinics against various types of cancer. Although bevacizumab’s
action is preferably extracellular, there are reports suggesting its
internalization into cancer cells, consequently decreasing its therapeutic
potential. Here we are solving this issue by applying fluorescence
correlation spectroscopy in living cells. We tracked single molecules
of fluorescent bevacizumab in MDA-MB-231 and HeLa cells and proved
that mobility measurements bring significant added value to standard
imaging techniques. We confirmed the presence of the drug in intracellular
vesicles. Additionally, we explicitly excluded the presence of a free
cytosolic fraction of bevacizumab in both studied cell types. Extracellular
and intracellular concentrations of the drug were measured, giving
a partition coefficient on the order of 10
–5
, comparable
with the spontaneous uptake of biologically inert nanoparticles. Our
work presents how techniques and models developed for physics can
answer biological questions.
Biocompatible polyacrylamide gel and core−shell nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a one-step electrochemically initiated gelation. Constant-potential electrochemical decomposing of ammonium persulfate initiated the copolymerization of N-isopropyl acrylamide, methacrylic acid, and N,N′methylenebisacrylamide monomers. This decomposing potential and monomers' concentrations were optimized to prepare gel NPs and thin gel film-grafted core−shell NPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging confirmed the gel NP formation. The lyophilized gel NPs and core−shell NPs were applied to support the three-dimensional (3D) cell culture. In all, core−shell NPs provided superior support for complex 3D tissue structures.
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