Packaging is an inseparable element of all products on the market. High levels of demand for products from packaging industry comes from foodstuffs. With that, the increasing amount of waste from food packaging is one of the biggest threats for the environment, making sustainable consumption an important subject of research. An aware consumer plays the key role in it. The purpose of this article is to present the opinion of Polish respondents regarding the food packaging and the ways of their utilization. As the basic methods of utilization of food packaging, waste segregation in households and the disposal of used packaging into garbage were indicated. Environmental impact of food packaging was pointed out mostly by women, respondents from the middle age group, with low level of education and with the highest declared level of knowledge in the field of food packaging. Respondents with the highest level of knowledge regarding the packaging as well as the youngest respondents showed a greater interest in the methods of packaging utilization. Although consumer awareness towards food packaging utilization has increased in recent years, one should continue raising it.
Purpose. To present the issues related to the culinary traditions of the Podkarpackie Province and the importance of traditional and regional products in the development of cultural culinary tourism. The purpose of this study is also to demonstrate the results on preferences of residents of selected towns and villages in the Podkarpackie Province regarding the purchase and consumption of traditional products. Method. The study is based on the review of information and views included in specialized literature, research surveys among the residents of the Podkarpackie Province, and the author’s own field observations. Findings. The importance of traditional and regional food products in the development of cultural culinary tourism in the Podkarpackie Province is characterized in the study. It shows the level of residents’ knowledge on the investigated area in the field of culinary heritage of the region, and the preferences in terms of purchase and consumption of traditional products. Research and conclusion limitations. Restrictions may result from an incomplete review of source materials and a relatively small number of respondents involved in the research. Practical implications. The study is significant for tourists interested in exploring and learning about traditional and regional food products, for manufacturers of high-quality foods, as well as local authorities interested in achieving additional revenues and in promotion of the region. Originality. In the subject literature, there is a lack of studies containing the results of research concerning the Podkarpackie Province residents’ preferences in terms of the undertaken issues. Type of paper. Review and research study.
This article proposes the Tsallis non-extensive entropy econometric approach to forecast components of the country gross domestic product based on the knowledge of time series macroeconomic aggregates of the past period, plus some sparse and imperfect information of the current period. Non-extensive entropy technique has proved to remain a good modelling device not only in the case of high frequency series, but also in the case of aggregated series. To predict the missing GDP components, we set up a q-generalized Kullback-Leibler information divergence criterion function with a priori consistency, GDP related macroeconomic constraints and regular conditions. The model forecasts are compared to the official Polish GDP components of the corresponding period. The proposed Tsallis entropy approach leads to high predictive performance and shows a stronger estimation stability through different model simulations than the traditional Shannon model. Furthermore, as expected this Tsallis related approach seems to reflect a higher stability through parameter computation and simulation in comparison with the traditional Shannon-Gibbs entropy technique.
Opracowanie poświęcono wzbudzającemu coraz większe zainteresowanie zagadnieniu, jakim jest żywność tradycyjna. Przedstawiono znaczenie żywnościowych produktów tradycyjnych i regionalnych w rozwoju turystyki kulturowej kulinarnej w województwie podkarpackim. Ponadto dokonano analizy statystycznej stanu wiedzy mieszkańców badanego obszaru w zakresie dziedzictwa kulinarnego regionu oraz preferencji zakupu i spożycia produktów tradycyjnych. Stwierdzono, że wzrasta wśród konsumentów zainteresowanie żywnością wysokiej jakości (w trosce o zdrowie własne i najbliższych), chęć uczestnictwa w różnego rodzaju targach i festiwalach promujących żywność tradycyjną i regionalną. Odnotowano jednak opinie dotyczące trudności w zakupie tego rodzaju żywności, zbyt wysokiej ceny oraz słabej promocji i edukacji w zakresie zdrowego stylu odżywiania. Dalszy rozwój rynku żywności tradycyjnej wymaga kreowania produktów tradycyjnych wpisujących się w coraz bardziej złożone oczekiwania konsumentów w stosunku do żywności, poprawy dostępności żywności tradycyjnej oraz doskonalenia oferty produktowej.
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