The article presents the state of the Turkish media, as well as the actions taken by them before and after the failed attempt of the coup d'état in 2016. Pointing to the issue of freedom of speech in Turkey, the article highlights the numerous violations of the right to freedom of expression, which have repeatedly become part of the actions of central government authorities.
The overall objective of undertaken research is to present national reflection on defense in
Poland, in particular an image of the defense planning culture. The article focuses on issues
of defense strategy planning as a part of the complete state defensive strategy and indicates
the necessary directions for changes in the essence of defense planning in the light of changes
in the security and defense environment of Poland in the 21st century.
In the study use has been made of an analysis and a critical review of normative documents,
strategies and doctrines. The collected data allow the indication of changes of an application
nature (projection method) to the theory of strategic planning in the field of national defense.
This allowed proving that the future desired position of Poland in regional and even continental
Europe depends on the anticipated direction of development of Polish defense potential,
defense system, and of course, a clearly expressed strategy. The most important element of the
three listed ones is naturally the strategy, the preparation of which requires regular cycles of
strategic reviews, which are unfortunately not feasible in Poland. The article also emphasizes
the importance of assuring the stability of the planning system, the basic element of which
are experts, and whose regular fluctuation as a result of constant political changes causes
a considerable destabilization of the planning system. Finally, attention is drawn to the fact
that the defense strategy must take into account the complexity and unpredictability of the
security environment – which are its basic features today.
The article presents the evolution of the idea of approach to conducting strategic analysis of the state’s environment, used
to assess its functioning in the existing and forecasted conditions, which can also be used in the analysis conducted at lower levels
of administration. The author presents one of the methods of strategic analysis used in the process of strategic planning in the field
of national security. This method can also be successfully used when designing a defence strategy or police development strategy,
as it precedes the process of formulating objectives and action concepts. According to the author, the advantages of the proposed
method called cluster analysis are its universality, transparency and simplicity of application. The proposed method was preceded
by reflections on the issues of strategic analysis related to the current practice of strategic planning in Poland, as well as similar to the
presented taxonomic method, to finally focus the reader’s attention on cluster analysis, a mathematical method of data grouping,
which can be a proposal to conduct strategic analysis at the level of the state and its institutions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.