The work is devoted to investigation of functional principles of data display means building in embedded systems and definition of ways of reliability increasing of information transfer at interaction in user interface. The importance of a visual communication channel with the operator to ensure the protection of information in complex systems and responsible applications is shown. The principles of implementation of the data output subsystem in embedded systems are analyzed and it is found that the required level of information is provided only by multi-element indicator devices. The element base of indicators is investigated and determined that the most effective display elements from a reliable and ergonomic point of view for built-in applications are LEDs. Analysis of the principles of visual presentation of information showed that the analog (discrete-analog) method of data transmission to the operator provides the highest level of ergonomic parameters of indicators. In this case, the best results have a scale indication based on the additive information model. The use of color speeds up the reading of information from the scale. The control schemes of indicator elements for construction of reliable devices are analyzed. It has been found that the use of microcontrollers significantly increases the level of reliability and provides flexibility of such control schemes. In this case, the software used has a significant impact on the reliability and efficiency of solutions. The matrix connection of LEDs, which are switched in a dynamic mode, allows to build effective means of communication with the operator. It is determined that the best set of technical, reliability and ergonomic characteristics will be obtained when implementing data output in embedded systems using LED bar graph display with microcontroller means in bicyclical dynamic mode. However, very little attention has been paid to investigation of the principles of construction and software optimization support for scale information using control schemes based on microcontrollers.
This work has been devoted to implementation of the software aimed at bicycle information models for LED bar graph displays. The principles of constructing software for built-in systems that reduce consumption of microcontroller resources for data output have been shown. A generalized approach to implementation of software support for LED scale in built-in systems based on microcontrollers has been formulated. The detailed practical algorithm concerning bicycle excitation of the multi-element LED bar graph display has been offered.
The work is devoted to the estimation of resource consumption of the microcontroller for the synthesis of bar graph discrete-analog data display on the LED information field in bicyclic mode. The paper compares the programs of multicycle information output and its bicyclic analogue for discrete-analog means for the information display systems. The significance of the influence of bicyclic information models on the minimization of machine time resources of a single-chip microcontroller is shown. It is determined that in order to reduce resource consumption in the developed solutions it is necessary to focus on the maximum possible optimization of program blocks that are executed during interrupts and serve the I / O subsystem of the microcontroller. In this sense the bar graph displays based on the bicyclic additive information model has the best results. It was found that the traditional approach to assessing the effectiveness of programs using special benchmark programs, with subsequent measurement of code and execution time of the entire program does not allow to correctly assess the effectiveness of the program and the work of microcontroller at the device design stage. Therefore, as an alternative, it was proposed to use the size of the bytecode of the program and the speed of the main cycle - the procedure of information output to assess the effectiveness of the program. It was found that in terms of speed of execution and consumption of resources, the multicycle version significantly loses to the bicyclic program. Also, reducing the number of image formation cycles in the information field is one of the most effective way to minimize the consumption of microcontroller resources for display services.
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