Relevance. The study of the microbiological composition of periodontal pockets in inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues is of great importance directly for the effective treatment and understanding of the pathogenetic stages of these diseases. Objective: to study the microbiological landscape of periodontal pockets with inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues. Materials and Methods. 62 patients aged 20 to 45 years were selected and divided into groups depending on the form of periodontitis: with localized aggressive periodontitis - group №1, group №2 - with chronic generalized periodontitis, group № 3 - with exacerbation of chronic generalized periodontitis. The material for the study was taken from the periodontal pockets and examined by cultural and microbiological methods. Results and Discussion. It was found that the proportion and number of microbial associations in the periodontal pockets of different depths differs. In localized aggressive periodontitis, mainly facultative Gr+ (A. actinomycetemcomitans) and Gr- (St. aureus, Str. mitis) anaerobes were found in the periodontal pockets no more than 4 mm. In generalized chronic periodontitis of moderate degree, the same microorganisms were present in the periodontal pockets as in the localized form, but Str. mitis was more common among facultative aerobes. With the exacerbation of generalized chronic periodontitis from facultative anaerobes, St. aureus was more common and the proportion and number of A. actinomycetemcomitans significantly increased. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the microorganisms that inhabit the periodontal pockets in inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues mainly belong to facultative Gr+ and Gr - anaerobes, obligate Gr+ and Gr-anaerobes and yeast fungi.
По опросам пациентов, на первом месте среди при-чин недовольства проведенным лечением стоит неудов-летворительная эстетика [1,5]. Определенную трудность у врачей вызывают реставрации зубов у пациентов среднего и пожилого возраста. Несмотря на обилие материалов, су-ществующие методики реставраций не универсальны, нет четко разработанного алгоритма нанесения слоев компо-зита, особенно эмалевого слоя. Кроме того, существую-щая система цветового планирования реставраций не дает ответа на один из главных вопросов -за какие параметры отвечает дентин, а за какие эмаль [2].Общеизвестно, что оптические параметры твердых тканей зуба, в частности эмали, напрямую связаны с ее морфологией и происходящими в ней возрастными физи-ологическими процессами. Данные процессы часто встре-чаются в литературных источниках под термином «мине-рализация эмали» [3]. Однако данный термин нам пред-ставляется не совсем корректным ввиду того, что процес-сы минерализации являются сугубо химическими, а изме-нение кристаллической структуры гидроксиапатита The in vitro study by means of complex laboratory techniques including X-ray faze analysis, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy defined age-related physiological mineralization process as a shift of the structural enamel unit -nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite crystals -To microcrystal phase. Relevant anatomical sites with age-dependent enamel optical characteristics corresponding to certain ratio of hydroxyapatite phases and the compliance of their color characteristics to composites enamel layers were revealed.
In this work, we conducted a comparative analysis of various methods of removing dental deposits and the effect on the microstructure of the tooth and the root cement: with the help of a Gracie curette, a magnetostrictive scaler, a piezoelectric device and a Vector device. The material for our study was 40 medically removed teeth. By analyzing the data obtained, we were able to determine both the quality and the effect of various removal methods on the microstructure of enamel and tooth root cement. The smallest influence on the microstructure of the tooth root cement was revealed when working with the Piezon-Master 600 and Vector devices, as well as high-quality removal of ZO was achieved. The effectiveness of therapeutic manipulations was recorded by scanning electron microscopy.
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