The paper presents the results of studies of the current state, significant trends, development potential, and funding sources of the wine industry in the Russian Federation. At the regional level, economic, natural (soil and climate), and anthropogenic factors are identified as the main factors that determine the potential for the development of viticulture and winemaking in the current conditions. The research identifies the fundamental aspects of government support for viticulture and winemaking. The paper analyzes conditions for developing the wine industry in Crimea and Sevastopol, including the financial component. In particular, the paper examines the results of analytical calculations of the financial leverage ratio for the most prominent winemaking enterprises of the Crimean Peninsula. The government support measures for the Crimean winemaking enterprises in terms of increasing the availability of long-term loans have been analyzed. The paper explores significant trends in the development of the Crimean wine industry as a whole and long-term loans to the local enterprises. The authors propose an economic and mathematical model for quantifying the cumulative effect of the following essential factors on consumer satisfaction with the price-quality ratio of wine products. One assumes that this model can form the basis for assessing the potential for developing the viticulture and wine industry at the regional level in the Russian Federation. Considering the results of the source research and financial and economic analysis carried out in the field, the paper aims to reveal the primary features and issues of the development of enterprises in the wine industry of Crimea and produce optimal solutions. The paper attempts to formulate a proposal on the expediency of using the presented research results, including a model analysis of the influence of a combination of significant factors on the development of viticulture and winemaking in the regions and develop recommendations for restoring the sustainability of wineries in modern conditions and prolonging the program of further research.
A multicenter study of the application of the microbiological preparation Embiko® in vineyards with its introduction with drip irrigation in the Western foothill-seaside viticultural zone of Crimea was carried out. Granulometric analysis of the soil showed that in the experimental version with the use of Embiko®, the specific content of its fine fractions increased by 5%, i.e. the soil became looser. The introduction of Embico® in liquid form with drip irrigation gave an increase in yield by 1.3 kg per bush, while the sugar content of the berry juice improved by at least 8%. An antistress effect on plants under the influence of treatment with a biological preparation was also revealed, which manifests itself in a significant functional improvement of the leaf apparatus and an increase in the growth rates of grape shoots. When using the biological preparation Embico®, the profit or net income at the pilot site increased compared with the control option (without application) and, accordingly, the profitability of production increased by 79%.
The article is devoted to the image of a winged horse in the context of the history of Western European culture. The focus is on the experience of addressing the history of the Greek constellation map and the question of its genesis. The article states that the creators of the earliest composition images of the night sky map recorded in it the morphology of the image one the most common rituals of the Bronze Age, the mythological basis of which includes early cosmological motifs. The basis of the constellations structure was formed in the pre-writing period of history. Initially, “heavenly images”, representing the most important cultural codes, were canonized – they served as a part for ancient cults.
In the urban environment, the main sources of pollutants entering the atmosphere are the work of industrial enterprises and the operation of vehicles, which leads to a significant change in the composition of the air, which leads to the objective need for strict control of the state of the city’s environment and atmospheric air in particular. The ongoing state monitoring control of the atmospheric air in the urban environment is not sufficient, which leads to the need to create alternative control methods. This method is bioindication and biotesting. Applying the sensitivity of organisms, one can assess the degree of environmental pollution. Thus, the choice of certain bioindicators directly affects the quality of the data obtained, especially in the areas of coastal cities. The studies were carried out in Sevastopol during 2018-2020. The results obtained make it possible to use Pinus pallasiana Lamb. as a test object for assessing the quality of the environment. Coniferous dendroforms Picea pungens Engelm. and Thuja occidentalis L. showed results that allow their use in bioindication, in the case of using the entire possible spectrum of markers to increase the reliability of environmental quality assessment by biotesting methods. Previously, similar studies were carried out using deciduous dendroforms.
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