Rationale, aims, and objectives: There is limited research on how health care providers approach the topic of e-cigarettes in clinical encounters, especially in conjunction with other best-practice recommendations for smoking cessation. This qualitative study explored physician perceptions and recommendations involving e-cigarettes in the context of smoking cessation counselling, including their opinions about the implementation and content of patient educational materials that focus on e-cigarettes.Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 physicians from family medicine, internal medicine, and obstetrics/gynaecology (OB/GYN).Results: Physicians did not routinely assess e-cigarette use among patients and reported that discussions were often initiated by patients. Only a minority of participants discussed e-cigarettes in conjunction with other best-practice recommendations for smoking cessation. Most others were more ambivalent about e-cigarette safety and effectiveness for cessation and did not address the topic, unless patients were already using e-cigarettes. Almost all, however, agreed that more research on e-cigarettes was needed. Physicians expressed an interest in having enhanced discussions about e-cigarettes with their patients and in using patient educational materials to accomplish this. Physicians recommended that these materials not actively promote e-cigarettes and be tailored to patients based on their demographics and motivation to quit. Conclusions:Physicians were open to improving their smoking cessation counselling and to integrating new patient educational materials that addressed e-cigarettes.Patient educational materials that provide tailored information about e-cigarettes could potentially be used initiate e-cigarette discussions and inform smokers about what is known vs unknown about e-cigarettes.

Context:Concussion legislation has been enacted in all 50 of the United States, aiming to prevent mild traumatic brain injuries and the potential long-term sequelae of these injuries in youth athletics. Sports medicine providers, in addressing this major public health concern, are tasked with adhering to the established standards of medical care while also considering the legal implications.Evidence Acquisition:The PubMed (2011-2016) database was searched using the following search terms: concussion, sports concussion, legislation, and concussion legislation. References from consensus statements, review articles, and book chapters were also utilized.Study Design:Clinical review.Level of Evidence:Level 4.Results:The Lystedt law and its progeny have increased awareness of the signs and symptoms of sports concussion, but adherence to state legislation can pose some challenges.Conclusion:The presence of concussion legislation places a responsibility on the sports medicine provider to have a firm understanding of the legality of concussion management in the state(s) in which they practice.

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