A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) caracteriza-se pela obstrução ou limitação crônica do fluxo aéreo, gerando uma desvantagem mecânica, causando fraqueza muscular e recrutamento da musculatura inspiratória acessória. A disfunção muscular esquelética é uma importante manifestação extrapulmonar, que leva à diminuição da capacidade funcional. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a eficácia de um treinamento da musculatura respiratória e de quadríceps no desempenho funcional de indivíduos com DPOC. De nove indivíduos com idades entre 49 e 76 anos foram avaliadas as pressões respiratórias máximas (por manovacuometria), força muscular de membros inferiores (por repetição máxima), capacidade funcional (pelo teste de caminhada com carga progressiva, shuttle test) e qualidade de vida (pelo questionário de qualidade de vida SF-36), antes e depois da aplicação de protocolo de fortalecimento da musculatura inspiratória, dos músculos quadríceps e abdominais. As sessões de exercícios foram realizadas duas vezes por semana durante dois meses. Foi verificada melhora em todas as variáveis avaliadas, com diferença significativa na pressão inspiratória máxima (p<0,05). O treinamento da musculatura respiratória e de quadríceps proposto mostrou-se benéfico ao desempenho funcional de indivíduos com DPOC, sugerindo a utilização do fortalecimento muscular respiratório e periférico como recurso coadjuvante no tratamento desses indivíduos.
Background Catheter ablation is an important adjunct to device implantation for secondary prevention of ventricular tachycardia (VT). However, several factors may influence the success of ablations in terms of long-term freedom from VT recurrence. A thus far little examined factor is the use of general anaesthetic (GA) versus conscious sedation during the procedure, which has been shown to improve outcomes in persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Methods Patients with structural heart disease VT undergoing ablations from January 2015 to March 2019 were retrospectively followed up at a single centre. End points were recurrent VT or device therapy (shock or anti-tachycardia pacing) at one year. Hazard ratios (HR) were generated using a multivariate Cox-regression proportional hazards model including variables of age at ablation, sex, amiodarone use at time of ablation, scar age, left ventricular ejection fraction, use of GA, and diagnosis of: diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), renal impairment or AF. Results 79 patients (74 male, mean age 68.2+/- 10.3 years) were included. A substrate-based strategy of late potential ablation was employed. 69 had ischaemic and 10 had non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Mean scar age was 13.8 +/- 9.8 years; EF was 40-50% in 27 patients, 30-40% in 26 and < 30% in 26. 37 patients had implantable cardioverter defibrillators and 30 had cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) defibrillator devices, 1 had a CRT- pacemaker device and 4 had dual chamber pacemakers. Comorbidities were: DM (16), HTN (31), renal impairment (13), AF (31). 62 patients (79.5%) were on amiodarone at the time of ablation. Mean procedure duration was 234.8 +/- 44.5 min and mean radiofrequency energy application time was 2247 +/- 862 s. 61 were first procedures and 18 were repeat procedures. One patient suffered a complication of groin haematoma. 62 patients (78.5%) underwent VT ablation under GA and 17 (21.5%) under sedation of midazolam and fentanyl. Patient characteristics did not differ between groups. Significant factors which increased freedom from VT recurrence or device therapy were HTN (88.9% vs 59.4%, HR 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.007-0.75, p= 0.028), amiodarone treatment (50.0% vs 76.3%, HR 0.036, 95% CI: 0.003-0.404, p = 0.036) and ablation under GA rather than sedation (50.0% vs 75.0%, HR 0.055, 95% CI: 0.006-0.495, p = 0.01) (Fig 1). Conclusions In patients with structural heart disease undergoing VT ablation, outcomes are improved with the use of GA over conscious sedation. Abstract Figure 1
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