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Aims. In chronic osteomyelitis-derived squamous cell carcinoma, what are the demographic and clinical variables, risk factors associated with worse outcomes, and results of treatment modalities used? Methods. A systematic review was performed using PubMed and EMBASE. Articles were evaluated for inclusion and exclusion criteria, and for quality analysis. PRISMA guidelines were applied. Demographic and clinical data and therapeutic approaches were presented narratively and in descriptive statistics registered at PROSPERO. Results. Most patients were male (40/49), trauma was the most common etiology (27/36), and about half of all SCC were in the tibia (25/48). Amputation was the main definitive treatment (42/47). Adjuvant treatments were not analyzed. Well-differentiated SCC accounted for 58.3% (21/36) of all tumors. Bone invasion was described in 82.8% (24/29); recurrence, in 7.7% (3/39); and metastasis, in 7.7% (3/39). Recurrence and metastasis occurred more frequently when bone invasion was present ( p = 0.578 and p = 0.646 , respectively). SCC with lymph node involvement showed a higher tendency to metastasize ( p = 0.377 ). Compared with limb salvage, amputation was associated with a tendency for less recurrence ( p = 0.312 ) and longer survival ( p = 0.219 ). Conclusions. COM-derived SCC mostly occurs after trauma and is usually located in the tibia. Bone invasion is common, and patients predominantly undergo amputation. This treatment is associated with a trend toward higher survival, compared to limb salvage.

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A 27-year-old Peruvian woman living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in clinical stage B3 and not on antiretroviral therapy presented with a ten-day history of fever, chills, night sweats and a two-day history of skin lesions. On physical examination, several erythematous-purplish lesions were found on the face and legs. Meningococcal infection was suspected and ceftriaxone was started. Blood culture grew nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica. A biopsy of the skin lesions showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV); therefore, corticosteroids were added. After two weeks of antibiotic and corticosteroid treatment, the lesions had resolved, but they recurred two days after treatment with prednisone was stopped. Corticosteroids and combination antiretroviral therapy were started simultaneously and the lesions resolved without recurrence. HIV infection has been associated with higher rates of skin lesions in salmonellosis. LCV has been described both in the setting of HIV infection and salmonellosis. However, our review of the literature found no previous cases of LCV in concurrent HIV and salmonellosis.

Purpose Depression has become a major health concern, particularly in developing countries. This disorder is highly prevalent among certain vulnerable populations, such as prisoners. In Peru, prisons are overcrowded, and the health of prisoners is neglected. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of depression diagnosed during incarceration in male inmates from all Peruvian prisons and assess its associated factors. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the secondary data analysis of the National Census of Prison Population 2016 in Peru. This study included records of prisoners who reported whether they were diagnosed with depression by a health-care professional after admission into the prisons. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed. Findings Of the 63,312 prisoners included in this study, 1,007 reported an in-prison diagnosis of depression by a health-care professional, which represents a prevalence of 1.59%. Substance use disorder (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.91–5.03), hypertension (aPR 7.20; 95% CI: 6.28–8.24) and previous discrimination (aPR 1.97; 95% CI: 1.62–2.40) were strongly associated with depression, even when adjusting for multiple confounders. Other directly associated variables were, for example, violence during childhood, infrequent visits in prison and diabetes. Originality/value The right of prisoners to adequate health care is being neglected in Peru. Mental health is a cornerstone of health quality. Acknowledging which factors are associated with depression in prison is important to implement strategies to improve the mental health of prisoners.

Objetivos: Determinar la asociación entre los factores sociodemográficos y reproductivos con la fecundidad adicional no deseada (FAND) en el Perú. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico transversal, a partir de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) 2018 en el Perú. La FAND es una variable que se creó a partir de la diferencia numérica entre la fecundidad obtenida y la fecundidad deseada. La variable FAND, se creó a partir de la diferencia numérica entre la fecundidad obtenida y la fecundidad deseada y se agrupó en dos categorías donde la diferencia numérica positiva correspondió a la presencia de FAND. Se realizó una regresión de Poisson, tanto cruda como ajustada. Resultados: Se analizaron los datos de 6944 mujeres entre 40 y 49 años, con una edad promedio de 44,3 años. Se halló una prevalencia de FAND de 72,5% (IC95%: 70,4%-74,4%). En el modelo ajustado, se observó que pertenecer al quintil superior de riqueza (RPa 0,80; IC95%: 0,69-0,93) disminuía la probabilidad de FAND con respecto al quintil intermedio. Por otro lado, provenir del ámbito rural (RPa 1,07; IC95%: 1,01-1,14), aumenta la probabilidad de FAND con respecto al provenir del ámbito urbano. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de FAND en mujeres peruanas de 40 a 49 años que participaron de la ENDES 2018 es alta. Provenir del área rural aumenta la probabilidad de FAND; y pertenecer al quintil superior de riqueza, la disminuye.

La lepra es una enfermedad crónica granulomatosa causada por el bacilo Mycobacterium Leprae que afecta piel y células de Schwann. En zonas no endémicas el diagnóstico de lepra suele ser dificultoso debido a la baja sospecha clínica. Durante el periodo de 2012 al 2019, se diagnosticaron y trataron tres casos de lepra en el servicio de infectología del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo. El tiempo de enfermedad promedio fue 4 años. Los pacientes iniciaron con pápulas pruriginosas en regiones corporales específicas, progresando a nódulos generalizados. Se constató parestesia e hipoestesia táctil, térmica, dolorosa y vibratoria; las cuales progresaron a anestesia. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante baciloscopía en secreción linfática y biopsia de nódulos cutáneos. Se describen las características clínicas de cada uno de los pacientes. Se remarca la importancia de la sospecha diagnóstica de esta entidad desatendida en áreas no endémicas.