The fauna of montane satyrine butterflies of the subtribe Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) is surveyed in the Venezuelan Cordillera de la Costa, a long but relatively low range of mountains consisting of two parallel units, the northern and higher Serranía del Litoral and the southern, lower Serranía del Interior. The subtribe Pronophilina is briefly characterized. Twenty-three known species are listed and discussed. One new species, Eretris neocycla n. sp., and three new subspecies, Corades medeba pittieri n. ssp., Pedaliodes piletha costae n. ssp. and Pedaliodes manis ivica n. ssp., are described. Ten lectotypes are designated. Thiemeia phoronea obscurata Krüger is reinstated as a valid subspecies, based on female characters. Faunal affinities and local endemism ratio are evaluated. Alpha-diversity is discussed and compared with that of other South American ranges. Two elevational species assemblages are identified, lower and upper, the latter confined to the Serranía del Litoral.
Genomic sequencing and analysis of holotypes from the MIZA collection (Maracay, Venezuela) and their comparison with other species and their type specimens advances our understanding of their taxonomy. Jemadia demarmelsi Orellana, [2010] is confirmed as a species-level taxon and its female is genetically verified. The following are species-level taxa, not subspecies: Amenis pedro O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022, stat. nov. (not Amenis pionia (Hewitson, 1857)) and Jemasonia sosia (Mabille, 1878), stat. rest. (not Jemasonia hewitsonii (Mabille, 1878)). Amenis ponina rogeri Orellana, [2010], stat. nov. and Jemasonia pater ortizi (Orellana, [2010]), stat. nov. are subspecies, not species. Jemadia pseudognetus imitator (Mabille, 1891), comb. nov. (not Jemadia hospita (Butler, 1877)) and Damas cervelina Orellana & Costa, 2019, comb. nov. (not Megaleas Godman, 1901) are new combinations.
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