Our data suggest that information about UI and UI prevention strategies might be particularly useful for Mexican postmenopausal women with 4 or more children or higher BMI. Further studies with longitudinal UI data, in addition to data on UI severity and subtype, are needed to provide more specific information about UI risk factors to Mexican women.
Objectives. To examine the association between family member incarceration, psychological stress, and subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods. Between 2012 and 2016, 1849 CVD-free women from the Mexican Teachers’ Cohort responded to questions on family incarceration from the Life Stressor Checklist. Perceived stress and hair cortisol levels were measured in a subset of participants. Carotid intima-media thickness was measured, and carotid atherosclerosis was determined in all participants. We used multivariable quantile, linear, and logistic regression models to evaluate the association between family member incarceration, stress, and subclinical CVD. Results. Among women with a mean age of 49.7 years (SD ±5.2), 15.3% reported family member incarceration. We found that both perceived stress and hair cortisol levels were significantly higher in women with an incarcerated family member relative to women without one. After multivariable adjustment, women who reported family member incarceration had 41% (95% confidence interval = 1.04, 2.00) higher odds of carotid atherosclerosis compared with those who did not. Conclusions. Family member incarceration was associated with robust markers of stress and cardiovascular risk. Mass incarceration may have a long-lasting impact on physical health of affected families.
Background: RLS is a common chronic disorder characterized by an irresistible need to move the lower limbs that affects sleep. Poor sleep has been associated with increased blood pressure (BP). Thus, we evaluated the cross-sectional relationship between RLS and hypertension (HTN) in a large cohort study in Mexico. Methods: In 2011, 54,925 female participants from the Mexican Teachers' Cohort responded to a four-item questionnaire based on the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group's minimal diagnostic criteria. Women also reported diagnosis and treatment of HTN. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate prevalence odds ratios (ORs) for HTN, adjusting for lifestyle and dietary factors. We also estimated adjusted prevalence ORs for HTN by frequency of RLS symptoms. Results: We identified 9,230 cases (17%) of RLS, and the prevalence of HTN was 13.1% among women with RLS and 9.4% among those without RLS. The multivariable-adjusted prevalence OR for HTN comparing women with to those without RLS was 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-1.26). Compared to those without RLS, the prevalence OR of HTN in women reporting a symptom frequency of once a month or less was 1.14 (95% CI: 1.00-1.30); among those with symptoms two to four times a month, the OR was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.05-1.30); and for those with symptoms at least two times a week, the OR was 1.22 (95% CI: 1.10-1.35). Conclusion: We observed an association between RLS and HTN. Future studies should evaluate the impact of treating RLS on BP.
Overall, circulating n-3 PUFAs were not associated with IMT. However, we observed a strong statistically significant inverse association with IMT in indigenous Mexican women. Future studies should evaluate genetic markers that may reflect differences in n-3 PUFA metabolism across populations.
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