The modeling of a compact fluorescent lamp for harmonic analysis under terminal voltage variation is presented in this paper. The compact fluorescent lamp is represented with the diode bridge rectifier model, which is commonly used for harmonic analysis. The set of parameters is estimated for different values of the terminal voltage applied to the lamp. The equations to estimate the parameters and the required measurements to calculate them are presented. To characterize the lamp an experiment is carried out varying the RMS terminal voltage from 10 V to 131.6 V and for each terminal voltage value the apparent, real and reactive powers, the power factor, the current and the applied voltage are registered. To validate the model in the range of the terminal voltage, the total harmonic distortion of current calculated with the experimental signal and the total harmonic distortion of current calculated with simulation software are compared. The results show that the compact fluorescent lamp can be represented for one set of parameters in the operation range of the terminal voltage suggested by the manufacture.
KeywordsExperimental estimation, nonlinear model, compact fluorescent lamps, harmonic studies, terminal voltage variation.
ResumenEl modelado de una lámpara fluorescente compacta para análisis armónico bajo la variación del voltaje en terminales es presentado en este artículo. La lámpara fluorescente compacta es representada con el modelo de un rectificador tipo puente de diodos, el cual es comúnmente usado para análisis armónico. El conjunto de parámetros es estimado para diferentes valores del voltaje en terminales aplicado a la lámpara. Las ecuaciones para estimar los parámetros y las medidas requeridas para calcularlos son presentadas. Para caracterizar la lámpara un experimento es llevado a cabo variando el voltaje en terminales RMS desde 10 V hasta 131.6 V y para cada valor del voltaje en terminales las potencias aparente, real y reactiva, el factor de potencia, la corriente y el voltaje aplicado son registrados. Para validar el modelo en el rango del voltaje en terminales, la distorsión armónica total de corriente calculada con la señal experimental y la distorsión armónica total de corriente calculada con un software de simulación son comparadas. Los resultados muestran que la lámpara fluorescente compacta puede ser representada por un conjunto de parámetros en el rango de operación del voltaje en terminales sugerido por el fabricante.
Palabras claveEstimación experimental, modelo no-lineal, lámparas fluorescentes compactas, estudios armónicos, variación del voltaje en terminales.
An optimal power dispatch of a small-scale standalone microgrid for remote area power supply in Colombian territory is proposed in this paper. The power dispatch is generated by an energy management system based on a mixed-integer linear programming, which minimizes the cost of operating the microgrid while fulfilling the technical constraints of its elements. The energy management system solves an optimization problem using the algebraic representation of the generators and its constraints. Basic steady-state models of the generators are selected to solve the optimization problem. The small-scale microgrid is considered for a remote area power supply in Taroa, a small settlement in La Guajira, Colombia. The microgrid is composed of photovoltaic modules, a wind generator, a diesel generator, a battery bank, and residential loads. To validate the solution, the elements of the microgrids are parameterized with information from commercial equipment. Moreover, the power dispatch obtained with the proposed solution is compared with a power dispatch generated by a heuristic algorithm, which has been previously used to dispatch power in a small-scale standalone microgrid. Results show that the cost of operating the microgrid is minimized using the proposed optimization approach: a reduction of the operating cost equal to 25.5% of the cost imposed by the heuristic algorithm is obtained.
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