The objective of the study was to assess the cost of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Argentina categorized by disease severity using a societal perspective. Method: Cross-sectional study including MS patients from 21 MS centers in 12 cities of Argentina. Patients were stratified by disease severity using the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) (group 1 with EDSS score between 0 and 3; group 2 with EDSS .3 and ,7; group 3 with EDSS $7). Direct and indirect costs were analyzed for the second quarter of 2012 from public sources and converted to US Dollars. Results: 266 patients were included. Mean annual cost per MS patient was USD 36,025 (95%CI 31,985-38,068) forts patients with an EDSS between 0-3; USD 40,705 (95%CI 37,300) for patients with EDSS .3 and ,7, and USD 50,712 (95%CI 47,825-62,104) for patients with EDSS $7. Conclusions: This is the first Argentine study evaluating the costs of MS considering disease severity.Keywords: multiple sclerosis, costs, cost-of-illness, Argentina, Latin America. RESUMOEl objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el costo de los pacientes con esclerosis múltiple (EM) en Argentina categorizados por severidad de la enfermedad. Método: Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó pacientes con EM en 12 ciudades de Argentina. Los pacientes se estratificaron según expanded disability status scale (EDSS) (grupo 1 EDSS entre 0 y 3; grupo 2 EDDS .3 y ,7; grupo 3 EDSS $7). Los costos directos e indirectos fueron analizados para el segundo trimestre de 2012 y convertidos a dólares estadounidenses. Resultados: 266 pacientes fueron incluidos. El coste medio anual por paciente con EM fue de USD 36,025 (31,985-38,068 IC95%) para los pacientes con un EDSS entre 0-3; USD 40,705 (37,,300 IC95%) para los pacientes con EDSS .3 y ,7 y USD 50,712 (47,825-62,104 IC95%) para los pacientes con EDSS $7. Conclusiones: Primer estudio argentino evaluar los costes de la EM considerado la gravedad de la enfermedad.Palavras-chave: esclerosis múltiple, costos, enfermedad, Argentina, Latino-América.

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ObjectivesTo compare the prevalence of prothrombin G20210A in patients with objectively confirmed cerebral vein or cortical vein thrombosis against healthy controls, and evaluate geographical variations.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of case control studies.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of electronic databases including MEDLINE and EMBASE. The main outcome was the prevalence of prothrombin G20210A in patients with objectively confirmed cerebral vein or cortical vein thrombosis; we also analyzed individual country variations in the prevalence. The random-effects model OR was used as the primary outcome measure.ResultsIn total 19 studies evaluated 868 cases of cerebral venous thrombosis and 3981 controls. Prothrombin G20210A was found in 103/868 of the patients with cerebral venous thrombosis and 105/3999 of the healthy controls [random effects pooled OR 5.838, 95% CI 3.96 to 8.58; I217.9%]. The prevalence of prothrombin G20210A was significantly elevated in Italian studies (OR 9.69), in Brazilian studies (OR 7.02), and in German studies (OR 3.77), but not in Iranian studies (OR 0.98).ConclusionProthrombin G20210A is significantly associated with cerebral venous thrombosis when compared to healthy controls, although this association is highly dependent on the country of origin.