Introduction. ABO-incompatible liver transplantation (ABOi LT) is considered to be a rescue option in emergency transplantation. Herein, we have reported our experience with ABOi LT including long-term survival and major complications in these situations. Patient and Methods. ABOi LT was performed in cases of severe hepatic failure with imminent death. The standard immunosuppression consisted of basiliximab, corticosteroids, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. Pretransplantation patients with anti-ABO titers above 16 underwent plasmapheresis. If the titer was above 128, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was added at the end of plasmapheresis. The therapeutic approach was based on the clinical situation, hepatic function, and titer evolution. A rapid increase in titer required five consecutive plasmapheresis sessions followed by administration of IVIG, and at the end of the fifth session, rituximab. Results. From
The infestation by Schistosoma haematobium is common in African countries and West Asia. Its chronic phase is characterized by the deposition of eggs of the parasite in various tissues of the body causing inflammatory response, formation of granulomas and fibrosis. The disease often affects the urinary tract, presenting with hematuria and, in the terminal stage, renal failure by urinary obstruction and bladder squamous neoplasia. Since chronic infection can lead to significant morbidity, it is imperative that the physicians who serve this immigrant population become familiar with this disease. A case of an immigrant boy from Guinea-Bissau seen in a Nephrology appointment for monosymptomatic terminal hematuria is presented. The diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis was confirmed by parasitological examination of urine and the pathological examination of bladder biopsies. After therapy with praziquantel, the patient became asymptomatic.
Keywords: Hematuria; Schistosoma haematobium; Case reports
RESUMOA infestação por Schistosoma haematobium é comum em países africanos e no oeste asiático. Sua fase crónica é caracterizada pela deposição de ovos do parasita em vários tecidos do organismo com resposta inflamatória, formação de granulomas e fibrose. Afecta frequentemente as vias urinárias, apresentando-se com hematúria, e, em fases terminais, com insuficiência renal por obstrução urinária e, em último caso, neoplasia escamosa da bexiga. Dado que a infecção crónica pode resultar em elevada morbilidade, é imperativo que os médicos que assistem essa população de imigrantes se familiarizem com tal doença. Apresentou-se aqui o caso clínico de uma criança natural da Guiné-Bissau observado em consulta de Nefrologia por hematúria terminal monossintomática. O diagnóstico de schistosomíase urinária foi confirmado por exame parasitológico da urina e pelo exame anatomopatológico das biópsias vesicais. Após terapêutica com praziquantel, o doente ficou assintomático.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.