Objectives:The aims of the present study were to evaluate the fluoride (F) concentrations in whole, defatted and chocolate milks commercially available in Brazil and to estimate the daily F intake from these sources.Material and Methods:F concentrations were determined for 23 brands of milks, after HMDS-facilitated diffusion, using a F ion-specific electrode. Possible F ingestion per kg body weight was estimated, based on suggested volumes of formula consumption, for infants aging 1 to 12 months.Results:F concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 1.6 μg/mL F for all brands analyzed. Whole and defatted milks had the lowest F concentrations, ranging from 0.02 to 0.07 μg/mL. With respect to chocolate milks, three brands had F concentrations above 0.5 μg/mL. Some brands of chocolate milks exceeded the dose regarded as the threshold level for the development of dental fluorosis, without taking into account other sources of fluoride intake.Conclusion:The high fluoride concentrations found in some brands of chocolate milks in the present study indicate that many products may be important contributors to the total fluoride intake, reinforcing the need of assaying fluoride content of foods and beverages consumed by small children.
There is, in the classroom, a space which remains empty: claimed by children, pushed aside by adults, fought for by a few and wanted by many. If it were to disappear forever, it is likely most of us would go on with our lives without even noticing. The lack of a space devoted to drama lessons in our schools wouldn't stop us from leading our normal lives. Despite that, the workshop "Expressão Dramática na sala" de aula aims at turning the classroom into a place where educators and teachers might treasure make believe and, in the company of a notebook which unravels and stretches itself and which has hidden and unexpected drawers, each might take a risk and leave a mark in their own path in art.
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