Introduction: Forensic identification practice requires a multitude of methods for positive identification, among which the facial reconstruction occupies a high place. For this to be done in the best way possible, it is mandatory that each population have their own database regarding soft tissue thickness. Objective: The present research is focused on creating such a database for the Romanian adult population and on exploring the statistical distribution and correlation of craniometric landmarks, overall, and in groups defined according to sex and weight categories. This might provide support in estimating the values of missing landmarks or other variables (e.g., age, sex) for unidentified bodies. Methods: Twelve craniometric landmarks were measured on 100 cadavers less than 24 h after death. Results and discussions: Of the 12 anatomical landmarks, only one appears to manifest statistically significant differences between sexes, and seven landmarks appear to vary significantly among the weight categories. Additionally, some evidence of interpopulation differences in the average soft tissue thicknesses were observed by the comparison of these data with similar studies from Caucasian groups with different geographic origin. Additionally, correlations between facial landmarks were examined, overall and between sexes.
Helium is the chemical element with atomic number 2, represented by the symbol He. It is an inert, colorless, odorless, insipid monoatomic gas. It has the lowest boiling point and the lowest melting point among the chemical elements and appears only in gaseous state, except for extreme conditions. The use of helium for suicidal purposes is extremely rare. In Romania, suicide has a frequency of 12 per 100,000 inhabitants, which classifies us in the category of countries with low suicide rates. As methods, men use hanging most often while women use more softer methods such as poisoning. Helium is rarely used for suicidal purposes because it is relatively difficult to obtain. Basically, it is not poisoning in the true sense of the word, but rather the substitution of oxygen with helium, which cannot be carried by hemoglobin, and thus transport asphyxia occurs. At the end of the paper we shall exemplify a case of helium poisoning for suicide purposes, purchased from a cylinder for inflating balloons.
The treatment of bone defects in complex proximal tibial plateau fractures is a challenging situation and biphasic tricalcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics are considered the most promising alternative to autologous bone graft. The aim of the experimental part was to retrospectively asses the use of Atlantik� BCP (a mixture of 70% Hydroxyapatite and 30% beta-tricalcium phosphate) combined with plate osteosynthesis for management of 27 collapse tibial plateau fractures. All fractures healed after a mean time 2.8 months, while the mean time for disappearance the radiolucent zones between the implanted ceramic and receiving tissue was 15 weeks. We noticed a Neer score of 85 points with no reaction to bone substitute or evidence of biomaterial degradation. The study demonstrated that biphasic ceramic biomaterial Atlantik�, combined with supportive plate osteosynthesis, is an effective synthetic bone substitute due to a fast healing and good quality osseointegration.
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