Updating cross-cultural research of the past decade on the relationship between life aspirations and wellbeing, we compared Romanian (N ¼ 69) and US (N ¼ 64) undergraduates on the contribution of the importance and likelihood of attaining intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations to psychological maladjustment and life satisfaction, and on the qualitative meaning they assign to financial success. Similarly to prior studies, we found that extrinsic and intrinsic aspirations tended to be either negatively or positively correlated with life satisfaction, respectively; however, wealth predicted life satisfaction for Romanian students. Unlike previous research, we found generally negative relationships between intrinsic aspirations and psychological maladjustment. Although there were no differences between Romanian and US undergraduates on extrinsic and intrinsic orientation, on the overall importance of attaining aspirations, or on specific extrinsic and intrinsic aspirations, Romanian students expressed weaker expectations of fulfilling intrinsic aspirations than did US students. Finally, the groups produced similar rankings of aspirations and assigned similar meaning to financial success. The results favored a social cognitive rather than a self-determination model of psychological wellbeing in that expectations for attaining aspirations were more often predictive of life satisfaction than were their content. We interpret these findings and their convergence and departure from earlier research in terms of political economic, demographic, and cultural factors. We encourage future cross-cultural investigations of the social construction of aspirations, subsidiation of seemingly contradictory aspirations to each other, and cognitive and ecological mediation of the complex relationship of aspirations to psychological functioning.Keywords: Aspirations; Maladjustment; Wellbeing; Cross-cultural.M ettant a`jour la recherche multiculturelle de la dernie`re de´cennie portant sur la relation entre les aspirations face a`la vie et le bien-eˆtre, nous avons compare´des e´tudiants universitaires de premier cycle roumains (N ¼ 69) et e´tats-uniens (N ¼ 64) sur la contribution de l'importance et de la probabilite´d'atteindre des aspirations intrinse`ques et extrinse`ques pour l'inadaptation psychosociale et la satisfaction face a`la vie, ainsi que sur la signification qualitative qu'ils attribuent au succe`s financier. Similairement aux e´tudes ante´ce´dentes, nous avons trouve´que les aspirations extrinse`ques et intrinse`ques tendaient a`eˆtre soit ne´gativement ou positivement corre´le´es avec la satisfaction face a`la vie, respectivement; cependant, la richesse pre´disait la satisfaction face a`la vie chez les e´tudiants roumains. Contrairement aux e´tudes pre´ce´dentes, nous avons trouve´des relations ge´ne´ralement ne´gatives entre les aspirations intrinse`ques et l'inadaptation psychosociale. Quoiqu'il n'y ait pas de diffe´rence entre les e´tudiants roumains et e´tats-uniens en regard de l'orientation extrinse`que et intrinse`qu...

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The present paper tackles a problem in the candidate reactions literature: the replicability of results that emerge when using in vivo and in vitro designs. The current study was designed to provide a conceptual replication of a dynamic model of change in fairness perceptions during the hiring process, using a different research design, different measures, and a different sample than the original paper. A sample of 209 participants in a simulated selection process reported their level of perceived fairness three times: before the testing, after the testing, and after the results were communicated. These results support the results of the original that the construction of fairness perceptions declines in a nonlinear way over time, with high initial levels of fairness perception corresponding to a lower rate of decline, and vice versa. Further analysis revealed no change in the individuals’ conceptualization of perceived fairness nor any shift in the respondents’ use of the measurement scale (i.e., no beta and gamma change were detected).

Previous studies supported the relationship between perceived organizational injustice and counterproductive behaviors at work, and in the current research the emphasis is on the explanatory mechanism of alienation. This study aims to investigate whether work alienation could be a potential mediator in the relationship between the two constructs. In an attempt to research an explanatory mechanism that is less addressed in the literature, a non-experimental cross-sectional study was conducted, based on a sample of 145 participants from different industries. The statistical analysis’ results indicated that perceived organizational injustice is a significant predictor of counterproductive behavior. Furthermore, workplace alienation has completely mediated the relationship between perceived organizational injustice and employees’ counterproductive behaviors. These findings reiterate the role and importance of employees' perceptions of organizational justice in the emergence and possible reduction of counterproductive behaviors that are detrimental to both the organization and individuals. The data obtained also supported a possible explanatory mechanism of their relationship.

The results of previous studies have consistently supported the relationship between transformational leadership style and work engagement, yet the focus is now on the explanatory mechanisms. This study aims to investigate whether psychological empowerment could be a potential mediator of the relationship between the two constructs. Featuring new knowledge reported in the literature, a non-experimental, cross-sectional study based on a sampleof 174 participants from different industries was conducted. The results of the statistical analysis showed that transformational leadership style is a significant predictor of engagement.Moreover, psychological empowerment partly mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and employees’ work engagement. These findings reiterate both the importance and the efficiency of the transformational leader in relation to the positive outcomes of the subordinates.Also, it highlights a potential motivational process that underpins these results.

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This study investigates whether the Dark Triad personality traits could be potential moderators of the relationship between the emotional labor and core burnout. The nonexperimental, cross-sectional study was based on a sample of 158 participants from different fields of activity. The results show that only narcissism (at medium and high scores) acts weakly as a moderator for the positive relation between emotional labor and burnout and, contrary to our hypothesis, it buffers the negative effects of emotional labor. These results can be explained in terms of Narcissism' conceptualization and are consistent with the newest proposed distinction form the literature between adaptive and maladaptive nature of this trait. Meanwhile the effects of the other moderators are insignificant. The results highlight both the importance of the emotional factor at work and the role of Dark Triad personality factors for core burnout.

Abstract. Given the fact that most of the dark personality measures are developed based on data collected in low-stake settings, the present study addresses the appropriateness of their use in high-stake contexts. Specifically, we examined item- and scale-level differential functioning of the Short Dark Triad (SD3; Paulhus & Jones, 2011 ) measure across testing contexts. The Short Dark Triad was administered to applicant ( N = 457) and non-applicant ( N = 592) samples. Item- and scale-level invariances were tested using an Item Response Theory (IRT)-based approach and a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach, respectively. Results show that more than half of the SD3 items were flagged for Differential Item Functioning (DIF), and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) results supported configural, but not metric invariance. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.