The research subject of this paper was conducted in Satu Mare County, Romania, where three strawberry cultivars have been studied, namely ‘Alba’, ‘Viktoriana’ and ‘Camarosa’, on two different types of mulch (black mulch and straw mulch). Observations, measurements, and determinations have been made regarding the growing vigor of the bushes, productivity and fruit quality. The productivity analysis favored the ‘Camarosa’ cultivar as highly productive, which is why this cultivar can be proposed for use in plantations. The different mulch types have significantly influenced the weight of the fruit quality, the highest weight being obtained on the black foil substrate. As for the fruit quality, the ‘Camarosa’ cultivar, which is very valuable from the qualitative point of view, obtained the highest average value of the sugar content measurements, precisely (8.7°Brix).
Of all the factors that influence the storage capacity of horticultural products, the time of storage in refrigerated conditions is of particular importance, because the delay in storage of fruits in refrigerated areas reduces their storage capacity and losses during storage increase. Taking into account that in current practice the increase of the period between harvesting and storage differs depending on transport and conditioning, we conducted research in pedoclimatic conditions on the Transylvanian plateau, on the influence of storage on the behavior of pears during storage. Curé pears harvested at the optimum time and stored within 24 hours of harvest, are generally better preserved, compared to the pre-stored fruits for 15 days at 9-12 °C temperature. The losses registered after 100 days of storage are on average by 7.3-14.1% lower, and the qualitative depreciations by 5.2-12.3%. Pears harvested 14 days earlier than the optimal time, behave better when stored if they were pre-store for 7 days at 9-12 °C.
Pollen of four cherry cultivars (‘Lapins, ‘Kordia’, ‘Sylvia’, ‘Regina’) was collected and examined with microscop to determine its germination capacity. It was observed that pollen fertility varied from 18.7 % to 80.1 %. Environmental conditions of the studied area as well as applied treatments affected pollen germination capacity. Due to the high maximum temperature recorded in 13.03.2018, bud formation was induced 18 day earlier than in the previous years, growth started on March 31st, when the temperature was 21.5˚C. Regarding production, the highest yield was obtained in ‘Regina’ variety 9.7 kg/tree, ‘Kordia’ 9.3 kg/tree, ‘Lapins’ 8.8 kg/tree and Sylvia 8.2 kg/tree. In autumn of the previous year, the trees were fertilized with urea, in a concentration of 3 kg per ha, and in the spring with CROPAID, in a concentration of 5 liters per ha. The results show that germination percentage was much higher in the pollen collected from the treated trees than in the untreated ones.
The influence of cutting roots on the growth and fruiting of ‘top group’ plum cultivars (‘Topfirst’, ‘Topfive’, ‘Toptaste’, ‘Tophit’ and ‘Topend Plus’), under the pedoclimatic conditions of Sînmihaiu Almasului, in the centre of Transylvania, Romania, in 2017-2018, was studied. The trees were grafted on Saint Julien rootstock, trained as Zahn Spindel and the orchard had a density of 1000 trees/ha. Roots were cut twice, at 40 cm distance from the trunk, in an angle of 45° and 30 cm depth, as followed: first time in the autumn during the fall of leaves, on one side of the row and the second time in spring, at blooming time, on the other side of the row. The measurements were done each year after the leaves have been fallen. There were made observations on some growth parameters (length of shoots, height of trees, trunk sectional area, the fruits and vegetative branches ratio) and fructification (average yield for 2017-2018 period, and was determined the productivity index). The treatments influenced the shoot growth, height of the trees, cumulative yield, trunk cross sectional area, the ratio of the yield to a trunk sectional area, with differences statistically assured. Root pruning reduced the average length of shoots. The longest shoots, in mean values, gave the unpruned root variant (131.0 cm). Root pruning decreased the average length of annual growth (51.1 cm). The biggest average trunk cross sectional area with the unpruned root system was obtained (58.7 cm2). Also root pruning influenced the height of the trees. The best cumulative yield was obtained in the variant of root pruning system (28.75 t/ha) followed by the unpruned root system (25.87 t/ha). Finally, root pruning increased productivity. The biggest value was registered in ‘Tophit’ in the root pruned variant (0.73 kg/cm2). The lowest value of productivity index was obtained in the unpruned system.
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