The maturity reached by virtualisation technology enabled great innovation for efficient applications and services development and delivery, independent of the underlying hardware equipment, especially with the large deployment of off-the-shelf hardware based cloud infrastructures. In order to take advantage of this technology, the existing network functions have to be developed and adapted to the new paradigm. However, traditional telecom services are still implemented on dedicated hardware resulting in high deployment and maintenance costs compared to the other already cloudified services. ETSI Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) aims to fill this gap by applying to telecom the virtualisation technologies. This paper introduces a set of three software architectures for efficient virtualisation of IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) in different operator environments responding to the high level requirements of the ETSI NFV use case for virtualizing operator core network functions. Additionally, a management architecture for simplifying the deployment and runtime orchestration of such a virtual service on top of a cloud infrastructure is presented. Furthermore, one of the IMS software architectures was implemented based on the Fraunhofer FOKUS Open IMS Core, measured and evaluated on top of an OpenStack cloud
In some use cases, an end-to-end connection between a given data source and a destination may never be present. Consequently, traditional routing protocols cannot be directly applied for delivering data. One example is the wireless sensor networks (WSN), due to the limited capabilities of the connected nodes and the lack of reliable connection between them. Such networking paradigms are known as Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) as they can tolerate a relatively higher delay. The implementation of Smart Cities is based on connecting the ubiquitous existence nodes and sensors via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) platforms, however this is challenged by the unreliable end-to-end connections in some scenarios. This paper proposes an architecture to interconnect Standard ETSI/oneM2M M2M platforms to DTN that apply a wake-up system for resourceconstrained sensors.
The current trend of running software components on top of virtual machines in cloud platforms is gaining more momentum as it reduces the deployment time and operational costs in comparison to running them on dedicated hardware. By providing elasticity through orchestration, this approach brings even more value taking advantage of the resources on peak times and saving energy when the load is not significant. However, such an approach brings some challenges due to the dynamic instantiation of new service components: it is necessary to always announce clients changes in the backend infrastructure. In this paper, we propose a solution for dynamically communicating parameters provisioning between M2M endpoints using a device management protocol. Two device management protocols were compared and OMA LWM2M was chosen for its energy efficiency. The proposed solution is based on the OpenMTC toolkit and enables safe and reliable communication establishment from one M2M endpoint to another one elastically deployed in the cloud
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