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BACKGROUND: Autonomous acting of individuals and as teams are key elements of agile, distributed, and partly or entirely distant working environments. The availability of relevant processes, methods, tools, and guidelines is key to leveraging team autonomy. OBJECTIVE: This article presents the design and implementation of a digital self-service kit (SSK) approach featuring high scalability, as well as a quality assurance and continuous improvement mechanism. As consumers, the teams within an organization can use these SSK’s anytime and on-demand without any constraints in location, time, or quota. As producers (of knowledge and experience), they can also assume active roles in the extension and continuous improvement of the SSK’s. METHODS: This has been achieved in open community networks where feedback is actively leveraged and constantly integrated in the SSK’s design. Such open Communities of Practices (CoP) ensure that all interested parties can contribute to the adequateness of both the content and the provision of the SSK’s in both local and distant corporate settings. Both the design and implementation have been done and evaluated in a large-scale international corporate environment where high cultural diversity, as well as distant collaboration are of key importance. RESULTS: The results presented in this article include a generic digital self-service approach to distance learning and coaching of teams in the particular context of the agile transformation of large corporate organizations. Key elements include a strong and systematic expert team involvement in the process of the setup and design of such digital SSK’s, as well as a well-explained and understood kit structure for efficient and effective utilization and re-contextualization of the contained knowledge into team-specific project contexts. This contributes to team autonomy as a major prerequisite for the agile transformation, as well as knowledge scaling across the organisation. CONCLUSIONS: The key insights gained from this experiment confirm the high relevance and effectivity of the approach especially during periods where distant collaborations are essential (e.g. during a pandemic crisis).

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is the key facilitator for digital manufacturing (Industry 4.0, Cyber-physical Systems), as well as for smart, intelligent products, services and processes. In the IoT, increasingly many product and process functions become safety-critical and exposed to IT security attacks. This adds tremendous complexity to product and process design, which this paper shows by using the automotive sector as a particularly challenging example. The article proposes a new logic and method for tackling the major challenges of design for functional safety and IT security which is essentially based on reducing the design solutions' complexities by integration. This is a very important and emerging area in design under 'design for security'. No changes. Section 3 should also include latest research on cyber-secure industrial control systems. We extended Section 3 by one paragraph elaborating on the CPS and ICS and citing three of the still very few key references on the subject of the integration of cybersecurity and functional safety in the design of ICS (new references [5,6,7]). To make the transition to the automotive sector, we have added a statement explaining the since industry is still the min driving force in the cybersecurity/safety integration, most relevant works can be found in sector-specific research and industry practice publications. You need to discuss role of people, hardware and software in the security of ESCL. We interpret this as a supporting remark, since we indicate in several places that the key idea and objective of our research is to enable an integrated design view on cybersecurity and functional safety aspects. Integrated design is essentially about enabling human experts from several different fields to collaborate efficiently in the design process, which is exactly what we search to facilitate by our method. Furthermore, in table 1 we established a vehicular vocabulary leveraging the communication between cybersecurity and safety experts. Also link between safety and cyber security is well presented. Good work. No changes. The paper introduces a new logic to drive safety and security concerns in cyber-physical systems. The proposed method is applied on an industrial case. No changes. The promised methodology is too shallow by far; New logic engineering methods for CPS. Deliberately and due to the requirements we were having for this research, we have based our method and our related research methodology on two emerging industry standards. Therefore, it is true that what we propose is rather a novel method than a profound methodology. We also agree to the reviewer that this methods represents a now logic of applying existing engineering methods for achieving integration n design. In order to take this explicitly into account, we have replaced the word "methodology" both in the abstract and the body of the text by "method" and/or "new logic of engineering methods".

The maturity of organizations is measured with process assessment models like the ISO/IEC 33001. The product quality is aligned with internal and external product quality charactersitics based on models like the ISO/IEC 25010. With the shift from the Tailorism-driven process orientation to a more people centric organization, the two dimensions process and product quality have to be extened by the people or team quality dimension. The presented approach offers aspects for agile Team Work Quality (aTWQ), as well as related measurement indicators. The approach is evaluated in the large enterprise context of the Volkswagen AG. The indicators of aTWQ have been integrated and established in the agile tool box for a sustainable agile transition of the company.

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Assuring functional safety and IT security is rapidly becoming an essential key challenge to the design of any connected smart product and industrial manufacturing system. This paper proposes an architectural approach to the integrated consideration of functional safety and IT security requirements in the design process of smart products and the (Industrial) Internet of Things (IIoT). Based on Axiomatic Design and Signal Flow Analysis, it shows that such requirements have related impacts on system architectural design choices rendering integrated design necessary to meet the desired risk reduction levels effectively and efficiently. A case study in the automotive domain is presented in order to illustrate and validate the proposed approach.

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