In 1933 the Nazis began to denaturalize German citizens who had fled Germany. The controversial Austrian psychoanalyst, Wilhelm Reich, was among the 40,000 emigrants who lost their German citizenship as a result of a denaturalization investigation—Reich had become German following the Anschluss . Shortly after he arrived in the United States, the FBI began a case against Reich, culminating in his arrest as a “German enemy alien,” and his imprisonment for nearly a month. The common features of these two investigations are explored, with an emphasis on the shared anticommunism of both the FBI and the Nazi regime.
1932 bezeichnete Freud die Trieblehre als „unsere Mythologie“, Triebe als
„mythische Wesen“. 1920, in „Jenseits des Lustprinzips“ (Freud 1999a, vgl. May
2013), hatte er das umstrittenste dieser Wesen erstmals öffentlich vorgestellt:
den Destruktions- oder Todestrieb, später Thanatos genannt, nach dem
griechischen Todesgott. Noch heute hat die Annahme eines solchen Triebes
Einfluss in- und außerhalb der Psychoanalyse – obwohl ihre Realitätsferne längst
erwiesen ist.
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